Journal of Chemical Ecology
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Constitutive and Induced Defenses in Long-lived Pines Do Not Trade Off but Are Influenced by Climate
Journal of Chemical Ecology - - 2022
Plants resist herbivores and pathogens by using constitutive (baseline) and inducible (change in defense after an attack) defenses. Inducibility has long been predicted to trade off with constitutive defense, reflecting the economic use of resources. However, empirical evidence for such tradeoffs is variable, and we still lack understanding about when and where defense trade-offs occur. We tested ......
Effect of Host Plant Xylem Fluid on Growth, Aggregation, and Attachment of Xylella fastidiosa
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 33 - Trang 493-500 - 2007
In the Temecula Valley of California the proximity of citrus groves to vineyards influences the incidence and severity of Pierce’s disease (PD) in grapes, a disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa. Although the glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), the major insect vector of the bacterium, feeds on and moves back and forth between citrus groves and vineyards, there are no vi......
Sex pheromone-induced chemolocation in the male American cockroach,Periplaneta americana
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 8 - Trang 219-231 - 1982
Males of the American cockroach,Periplaneta americana, have evolved an efficient search strategy enabling them to locate a source of sex pheromone in the absence of directional information derived from wind. Since these animals are able to utilize chemotaxis to orient almost directly to the source from 45–50 cm away, it is only necessary that they maximize their chances of getting within that rang......
Olfactory basis of cannibalism in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae): II. field assessment of attractants
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 20 - Trang 2261-2272 - 1994
The responses of rangeland grasshoppers to biologically and historically derived attractants were studied in a shortgrass prairie in southeastern Wyoming in July 1990. Seven long-chain fatty acids (C14–C20: singly and in combination), grasshopper cadavers, molasses, fruit extracts, and chloroform (solvent control) were tested. Each attractant was applied to filter paper and placed in an arena deli......
Effects of Repeated Exposure to Fox Odor on Locomotor Activity Levels and Spatial Movement Patterns in Breeding Male and Female Meadow Voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus)
Journal of Chemical Ecology - - 1999
Following five days of baseline activity recording, voles were exposed to fox odor for 3 min each day for five days. Immediately following each daily exposure, locomotor activity levels and spatial movement patterns were assessed using an automated activity monitoring system (Digiscan system). Males displayed a significant reduction in levels of various measures of locomotor activity following exp......
Effect of pheromone concentration on organization of preflight behaviors of the male gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar(L.)
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 10 - Trang 17-23 - 1984
Male gypsy moths (Lymantria dispar L.) in a wind tunnel at 24° respond to decreasing dosages (1 μg to 0.1 pg) of (+)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane with a decrease in probability of wing-fanning, an increase in wing-fanning latency, and an increase in the number of behaviors (body jerks, antennal twitches, steps, and wing tremors) preceding fanning. Males initiating any behavior prior to wing-fa......
Dose and Enantiospecific Responses of White Pine Cone Beetles, Conophthorus coniperda, to α-Pinene in an Eastern White Pine Seed Orchard
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 29 - Trang 437-451 - 2003
The white pine cone beetle, Conophthorus coniperda, exhibited dose and enantiospecific responses to α-pinene in stands of mature eastern white pine, Pinus strobus, in a seed orchard near Murphy, North Carolina, USA. (−)-α-Pinene significantly increased catches of cone beetles to traps baited with (± )-trans-pityol. (+)-α-Pinene did not increase catches of beetles to pityol-baited traps and interru......
Putative Chemical Signals from White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): Social and Seasonal Effects on Urinary Volatile Excretion in Males
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 24 - Trang 673-683 - 1998
Urine samples collected from dominant and subordinate male white-tailed deer during the breeding and nonbreeding season were analyzed by combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifty-five volatiles were found in measurable quantities. Ketones were most numerous, followed by alcohols and alkanes. Nine compounds were common to both dominants and subordinates during the breeding season......
Activation of plant foliar oxidases by insect feeding reduces nutritive quality of foliage for noctuid herbivores
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 15 - Trang 2667-2694 - 1989
The foliage and fruit of the tomato plantLycopersicon esculentum contains polyphenol oxidases (PPO) and peroxidases (POD) that are compartmentally separated from orthodihydroxyphenolic substrates in situ. However, when leaf tissue is damaged by insect feeding, the enzyme and phenolic substrates come in contact, resulting in the rapid oxidation of phenolics to orthoquinones. When the tomato fruitwo......
Use of Mixture Designs to Investigate Contribution of Minor Sex Pheromone Components to Trap Catch of the Carpenterworm Moth, Chilecomadia valdiviana
Journal of Chemical Ecology - Tập 43 - Trang 1046-1055 - 2017
Field experiments were carried out to study responses of male moths of the carpenterworm, Chilecomadia valdiviana (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), a pest of tree and fruit crops in Chile, to five compounds previously identified from the pheromone glands of females. Previously, attraction of males to the major component, (7Z,10Z)-7,10-hexadecadienal, was clearly demonstrated while the role of the minor com......
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