International Journal of Toxicology
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Genotoxic Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene and Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in a Human Lung Cell Line
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 25 Số 1 - Trang 49-55 - 2006
Several studies have shown that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produce
genotoxic effects in assays performed in vivo and in vitro. This study was
undertaken to investigate the ability of benzo[ a]pyrene (BP) and dibenzo[
a,l]pyrene (DBP) to induce DNA damage in a human lung fibroblast cell line
(MRC-5), using sister-chromatid exchanges test (SCEs), the comet assay, and
evaluating point mu...
The Critical Role of House Dust in Understanding the Hazards Posed by Contaminated Soils
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 16 Số 4-5 - Trang 339-362 - 1997
The health risks posed by soil pollutants are generally thought to be due to
soilingestion and have often resulted in massive regulatory efforts to remedy
such contamination. The contribution of this route to the actual human health
hazard has been questioned, however, as soil removal alone seems to have little
influence on the body burdens of soil contaminants in exposed individuals.
Ongoing rese...
Safety Assessment of Triethanolamine and Triethanolamine-Containing Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 32 Số 3_suppl - Trang 59S-83S - 2013
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel assessed the safety of
triethanolamine (TEA) and 31 related TEA-containing ingredients as used in
cosmetics. The TEA is reported to function as a surfactant or pH adjuster; the
related TEA-containing ingredients included in this safety assessment are
reported to function as surfactants and hair- or skin-conditioning agents. The
exception is TEA-sorbate, ...
Safety Assessment of Diethanolamine and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 36 Số 5_suppl2 - Trang 89S-110S - 2017
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel assessed the safety of
diethanolamine and its salts as used in cosmetics. Diethanolamine functions as a
pH adjuster; the 16 salts included in this rereview reportedly function as
surfactants, emulsifying agents, viscosity increasing agents, hair or skin
conditioning agents, foam boosters, or antistatic agents. The Panel reviewed
available animal an...
Gender-Based Differences in the Toxicity of Pharmaceuticals—The Food and Drug Administration's Perspective
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 149-152 - 2001
Women experience more adverse reactions to treatment with therapeutic drugs than
men. Theories proposed to explain this include overdosing, different
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, women are more likely to report adverse
events than men, or women take more medications than men. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) Office of Women's Health (OWH) funds research to promote
including women in cl...
Corticosteroid Production in H295R Cells During Exposure to 3 Endocrine Disrupters Analyzed With LC-MS/MS
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 32 Số 3 - Trang 219-227 - 2013
The adrenocortical human cell line H295R is a valuable tool for screening
endocrine disrupting compounds. In general, previous research focus has been on
the production of the 2 sex steroids, 17β-estradiol and testosterone, and less
attention has been paid to other important steroid end points in the
steroidogenesis with a wide range of physiological functions, such as the
glucocorticoids (cortico...
Comparison of the Repeated Dose Toxicity of Isomers of Dinitrotoluene
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 31 Số 2 - Trang 143-157 - 2012
Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is a nitroaromatic explosive used in propellant mixtures
and in the production of plastics. Isomers of DNT were administered daily via
oral gavage to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 14 days to determine the subacute
toxicity of individual isomers of DNT. The 3,5-DNT isomer was the most toxic
isomer, inducing weight loss and mortality within 3 days. Cyanosis and anemia
were observ...
Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of 1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-2,3,8, 8-Tetramethyl-2-Naphthalenyl) Ethanone (OTNE) in Rats
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 28 Số 3 - Trang 213-218 - 2009
The developmental toxicity of
1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl) ethanone
(OTNE), a widely used fragrance ingredient, was evaluated in pregnant
Sprague-Dawley rats (25/group) gavaged with dosages of 0 (water), 96, 240, or
480 mg/kg/d on days 7 through 17 of gestation (GDs 7–17). Rats were observed for
clinical signs, abortions, premature deliveries, body weights, and ...
Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of Acetyl Cedrene
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 25 Số 5 - Trang 423-428 - 2006
The developmental toxicity of acetyl cedrene (AC), a widely used fragrance
ingredient, was evaluated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (25/group). Gavaged
dosages of 0 (corn oil), 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg/day were administered on days 7
through 17 of gestation (GDs 7 to 17). First and last day dosing suspensions
were analyzed for AC content. All rats were observed daily for viability,
clinical signs, ab...
Oxidative Stress as a Mechanism Involved in Kidney Damage After Subchronic Exposure to Vanadium Inhalation and Oral Sweetened Beverages in a Mouse Model
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 37 Số 1 - Trang 45-52 - 2018
Kidney diseases have notably increased in the last few years. This is partially
explained by the increase in metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and systemic blood
hypertension. However, there is a segment of the population that has neither of
the previous risk factors, yet suffers kidney damage. Exposure to atmospheric
pollutants has been suggested as a possible risk factor. Air-suspended particles
car...
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