International Journal of Toxicology
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Genotoxic Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene and Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in a Human Lung Cell Line Several studies have shown that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produce genotoxic effects in assays performed in vivo and in vitro. This study was undertaken to investigate the ability of benzo[ a]pyrene (BP) and dibenzo[ a,l]pyrene (DBP) to induce DNA damage in a human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5), using sister-chromatid exchanges test (SCEs), the comet assay, and evaluating... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 25 Số 1 - Trang 49-55 - 2006
The Critical Role of House Dust in Understanding the Hazards Posed by Contaminated Soils The health risks posed by soil pollutants are generally thought to be due to soilingestion and have often resulted in massive regulatory efforts to remedy such contamination. The contribution of this route to the actual human health hazard has been questioned, however, as soil removal alone seems to have little influence on the body burdens of soil contaminants in exposed individuals. Ong... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 16 Số 4-5 - Trang 339-362 - 1997
Safety Assessment of Triethanolamine and Triethanolamine-Containing Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel assessed the safety of triethanolamine (TEA) and 31 related TEA-containing ingredients as used in cosmetics. The TEA is reported to function as a surfactant or pH adjuster; the related TEA-containing ingredients included in this safety assessment are reported to function as surfactants and hair- or skin-conditioning agents. The exception is TEA-... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 32 Số 3_suppl - Trang 59S-83S - 2013
Safety Assessment of Diethanolamine and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel assessed the safety of diethanolamine and its salts as used in cosmetics. Diethanolamine functions as a pH adjuster; the 16 salts included in this rereview reportedly function as surfactants, emulsifying agents, viscosity increasing agents, hair or skin conditioning agents, foam boosters, or antistatic agents. The Panel reviewed available ... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 36 Số 5_suppl2 - Trang 89S-110S - 2017
Gender-Based Differences in the Toxicity of Pharmaceuticals—The Food and Drug Administration's Perspective Women experience more adverse reactions to treatment with therapeutic drugs than men. Theories proposed to explain this include overdosing, different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, women are more likely to report adverse events than men, or women take more medications than men. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Office of Women's Health (OWH) funds research to promote including wo... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 149-152 - 2001
Corticosteroid Production in H295R Cells During Exposure to 3 Endocrine Disrupters Analyzed With LC-MS/MS The adrenocortical human cell line H295R is a valuable tool for screening endocrine disrupting compounds. In general, previous research focus has been on the production of the 2 sex steroids, 17β-estradiol and testosterone, and less attention has been paid to other important steroid end points in the steroidogenesis with a wide range of physiological functions, such as the glucocorticoids... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 32 Số 3 - Trang 219-227 - 2013
Comparison of the Repeated Dose Toxicity of Isomers of Dinitrotoluene Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is a nitroaromatic explosive used in propellant mixtures and in the production of plastics. Isomers of DNT were administered daily via oral gavage to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 14 days to determine the subacute toxicity of individual isomers of DNT. The 3,5-DNT isomer was the most toxic isomer, inducing weight loss and mortality within 3 days. Cyanosis and anemia we... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 31 Số 2 - Trang 143-157 - 2012
Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of Acetyl Cedrene The developmental toxicity of acetyl cedrene (AC), a widely used fragrance ingredient, was evaluated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (25/group). Gavaged dosages of 0 (corn oil), 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg/day were administered on days 7 through 17 of gestation (GDs 7 to 17). First and last day dosing suspensions were analyzed for AC content. All rats were observed daily for viability, clinical ... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 25 Số 5 - Trang 423-428 - 2006
Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of 1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-2,3,8, 8-Tetramethyl-2-Naphthalenyl) Ethanone (OTNE) in Rats The developmental toxicity of 1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl) ethanone (OTNE), a widely used fragrance ingredient, was evaluated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (25/group) gavaged with dosages of 0 (water), 96, 240, or 480 mg/kg/d on days 7 through 17 of gestation (GDs 7–17). Rats were observed for clinical signs, abortions, premature deliveries, body weig... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 28 Số 3 - Trang 213-218 - 2009
Oxidative Stress as a Mechanism Involved in Kidney Damage After Subchronic Exposure to Vanadium Inhalation and Oral Sweetened Beverages in a Mouse Model Kidney diseases have notably increased in the last few years. This is partially explained by the increase in metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and systemic blood hypertension. However, there is a segment of the population that has neither of the previous risk factors, yet suffers kidney damage. Exposure to atmospheric pollutants has been suggested as a possible risk factor. Air-suspended part... ...
International Journal of Toxicology - Tập 37 Số 1 - Trang 45-52 - 2018
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