Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
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Sắp xếp:
Evaluation of artificial neural network techniques for flow forecasting in the River Yangtze, China
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 6 Số 4 - Trang 619-626
Abstract. While engineers have been quantifying rainfall-runoff processes since
the mid-19th century, it is only in the last decade that artificial neural
network models have been applied to the same task. This paper evaluates two
neural networks in this context: the popular multilayer perceptron (MLP), and
the radial basis function network (RBF). Using six-hourly rainfall-runoff data
for the Rive...
Extreme flood response to short-duration convective rainfall in South-West Germany
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 16 Số 5 - Trang 1543-1559
Abstract. The 2 June 2008 flood-producing storm on the Starzel river basin in
South-West Germany is examined as a prototype for organized convective systems
that dominate the upper tail of the precipitation frequency distribution and are
likely responsible for the flash flood peaks in Central Europe. The availability
of high-resolution rainfall estimates from radar observations and a rain gauge
ne...
Attributing regional trends of evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity with remote sensing: a case study in the North China Plain
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 21 Số 1 - Trang 295-310
Abstract. Attributing changes in evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary
productivity (GPP) is crucial for impact and adaptation assessment of the
agro-ecosystems to climate change. Simulations with the VIP model revealed that
annual ET and GPP slightly increased from 1981 to 2013 over the North China
Plain. The tendencies of both ET and GPP were upward in the spring season, while
they were weak...
Survival of the Qaidam mega-lake system under mid-Pliocene climates and its restoration under future climates
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 24 Số 7 - Trang 3835-3850
Abstract. The Qaidam Basin in the north of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone
drastic environmental changes during the last millions of years. During the
Pliocene, the Qaidam Basin contained a freshwater mega-lake system although the
surrounding regions showed increasingly arid climates. With the onset of the
Pleistocene glaciations, lakes began to shrink and finally disappeared almost
completely. ...
Sedimentation in the Three Gorges Dam and the future trend of Changjiang (Yangtze River) sediment flux to the sea
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 13 Số 11 - Trang 2253-2264
Abstract. The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) on the upper Changjiang (Yangtze River),
China, disrupts the continuity of Changjiang sediment delivery to downstream and
coastal areas. In this study, which was based on 54 years of annual water and
sediment data from the mainstream and major tributaries of Changjiang, sediment
deposition induced by the TGD in 2003–2008 was quantified. Furthermore, we
determin...
Analyzing streamflow changes: irrigation-enhanced interaction between aquifer and streamflow in the Republican River basin
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 18 Số 2 - Trang 493-502
Abstract. Groundwater-fed irrigation has altered surface and groundwater
interactions in the Republic River basin (RRB) in the midwestern United States,
where agriculture heavily depends on irrigation. The decreasing flow trend
recorded at the RRB gauging station since the 1950s reflects the synthetical
effect of dynamic interactions between surface water and groundwater systems,
which has been en...
A worldwide analysis of trends in water-balance evapotranspiration
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 17 Số 10 - Trang 4177-4187
Abstract. Climate change is expected to alter the global hydrological cycle,
with inevitable consequences for freshwater availability to people and
ecosystems. But the attribution of recent trends in the terrestrial water
balance remains disputed. This study attempts to account statistically for both
trends and interannual variability in water-balance evapotranspiration (ET),
estimated from the an...
Strong increases in flood frequency and discharge of the River Meuse over the late Holocene: impacts of long-term anthropogenic land use change and climate variability
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 12 Số 1 - Trang 159-175
Abstract. In recent years the frequency of high-flow events on the Meuse
(northwest Europe) has been relatively great, and flooding has become a major
research theme. To date, research has focused on observed discharge records of
the last century and simulations of the coming century. However, it is difficult
to delineate changes caused by human activities (land use change and greenhouse
gas emiss...
Geostatistical radar-raingauge combination with nonparametric correlograms: methodological considerations and application in Switzerland
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 15 Số 5 - Trang 1515-1536
Abstract. Modelling spatial covariance is an essential part of all
geostatistical methods. Traditionally, parametric semivariogram models are fit
from available data. More recently, it has been suggested to use nonparametric
correlograms obtained from spatially complete data fields. Here, both estimation
techniques are compared. Nonparametric correlograms are shown to have a
substantial negative b...
Evaluation of radar-gauge merging methods for quantitative precipitation estimates
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences - Tập 13 Số 2 - Trang 195-203
Abstract. Accurate quantitative precipitation estimates are of crucial
importance for hydrological studies and applications. When spatial precipitation
fields are required, rain gauge measurements are often combined with weather
radar observations. In this paper, we evaluate several radar-gauge merging
methods with various degrees of complexity: from mean field bias correction to
geostatistical me...
Tổng số: 157
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