Human Factors

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Stability Ball Versus Office Chair: Comparison of Muscle Activation and Lumbar Spine Posture During Prolonged Sitting
Human Factors - Tập 48 Số 1 - Trang 142-153 - 2006
Diane E. Gregory, Nadine M. Dunk, Jack P. Callaghan
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the differences between sitting on a stability ball and in an office chair in terms of trunk muscle activation and lumbar spine posture. Background: Stability balls have become increasingly popular as an alternative to office chairs to help reduce the prevalence of low back pain; however, little research has been conducted on their use...... hiện toàn bộ
Individual Differences and the Perception of Traffic Signs
Human Factors - Tập 20 Số 1 - Trang 65-74 - 1978
Robert Loo
The study focused on the relationship between field dependence and the ability to perceive traffic signs in embedded and disembedded contexts as measured by verbal reaction times. Intercorrelations among the reaction times, personality measures, and driving record items were also tested. Twenty-eight females were blocked into four quartiles according to their score on the Group Embedded F...... hiện toàn bộ
Nonadjectival Rating Scales in Human Response Experiments
Human Factors - Tập 15 Số 3 - Trang 275-280 - 1973
Ronald A. Hess
Twenty-two subjects participated in two tracking experiments for the purpose of determining the utility of a nonordinal, nonadjectival rating scale. The scale was devised in an effort to allow a human to quantify his subjective opinions of the characteristics of a system in situations where an adjectival scale would be inappropriate. The tracking task in both experiments was a compensator...... hiện toàn bộ
Data Organization
Human Factors - Tập 19 Số 1 - Trang 1-14 - 1977
Bruce M. Durding, Curtis A. Becker, John Gould
Three experiments investigated how people organize data. Subjects were given sets of 15-20 words and asked to organize them on paper. Each word set had a pre-defined organization (hierarchy, network, lists, table) based on the semantic relations among the words. Experiment 1 showed that college students have all these organizational structures available for use. They organized most word s...... hiện toàn bộ
Anthropometry of Seated Women during Pregnancy: Defining a Fetal Region for Crash Protection Research
Human Factors - Tập 32 Số 6 - Trang 625-636 - 1990
Clyde C. Culver, David C. Viano
An anthropometric description was developed for the fetal region of women at three, six, and nine months of pregnancy. This involved superimposing a fetal ellipse on abdominal and pelvic ellipses of seated women from a previous study. The data were developed for women of 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile size. The ellipses identify body contact zones on the side and front which would interac...... hiện toàn bộ
Adaptive Team Coordination
Human Factors - Tập 41 Số 2 - Trang 312-325 - 1999
Elliot E. Entin, Daniel Serfaty
It is hypothesized that highly effective teams adapt to stressful situations by using effective coordination strategies. Such teams draw on shared mental models of the situation and the task environment as well as mutual mental models of interacting team members' tasks and abilities to shift to modes of implicit coordination, and thereby reduce coordination overhead. To test this hypothes...... hiện toàn bộ
Optimizing the Touch Tablet: The Effects of Control-Display Gain and Method of Cursor Control
Human Factors - Tập 28 Số 6 - Trang 717-726 - 1986
Lynn Y. Arnaut, Joel S. Greenstein
The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of control-display gain, method of cursor control, and target size on target selection performance with a touch tablet. In addition, an attempt was made to determine a definition of control-display gain that would generalize across different control-display combinations. The results indicated that a relatively low gain (approximately ...... hiện toàn bộ
Perceptual Processes Used by Drivers During Overtaking in a Driving Simulator
Human Factors - Tập 47 Số 2 - Trang 394-417 - 2005
Rob Gray, D. Regan
This study investigated the control strategies and decision making of drivers who were executing overtaking maneuvers in a fixed-base driving simulator. It was found that drivers were frequently inaccurate in deciding whether it was safe to overtake in front of an oncoming vehicle. One source of error in this situation was the control strategy adopted by the driver; in several instances o...... hiện toàn bộ
Human–Robot Interaction
Human Factors - Tập 58 Số 4 - Trang 525-532 - 2016
Thomas B. Sheridan
Objective: The current status of human–robot interaction (HRI) is reviewed, and key current research challenges for the human factors community are described. Background: Robots have evolved from continuous human-controlled master–slave servomechanisms for handling nuclear waste to a broad ran...... hiện toàn bộ
Motorcycle Conspicuity Revisited
Human Factors - Tập 31 Số 2 - Trang 141-146 - 1989
Paul L. Olson
There is a widespread belief that motorcycles are more difficult to detect in traffic than are cars and trucks, which has led to much research designed to enhance motorcycle conspicuity. This paper examines the basic concept and finds that it lacks empirical support. Further, a number of other possible explanations could account for the differences one finds when comparing car-motorcycle ...... hiện toàn bộ
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