Food webs and river drainages are both hierarchical networks and complex adaptive systems. How does living within the second affect the first? Longitudinal gradients in productivity, disturbance regimes and habitat structure down rivers have long interested ecologists, but their effects on food web structure and dynamics are just beginning to be explored. Even less is known about how netwo...... hiện toàn bộ
David W. Lee, John O’Keefe, N. Michèle Holbrook, Taylor S. Feild
The leaves of woody plants at Harvard Forest in Central Massachusetts, USA, changed color during senescence; 70% (62/89) of the woody species examined anatomically contained anthocyanins during senescence. Anthocyanins were not present in summer green leaves, and appeared primarily in the vacuoles of palisade parenchyma cells. Yellow coloration was a result of the unmasking of xanthophyll ...... hiện toàn bộ
We investigated the patterns of soil nitrogen (N) and forest floor light availability, forest structure and tree species distribution along a topographic gradient on a 200‐m mountain slope in a cool‐temperate deciduous broad‐leaved forest in Japan. Rates of soil N mineralization and nitrification decreased from lower to upper slope positions, revealing that N availability decreased up the ...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractRegeneration traits of six co‐occurring Salix species were studied on a floodplain of the Sorachi River, central Hokkaido, Japan, and their colonization success and coexistence in a local habitat were discussed. Mixed Salix communities contained six Salix species; dominant:... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractSoil respiration was measured throughout the year (June 1992 to May 1993) in a mature, deciduous, broad‐leaved forest and an adjacent, clear‐felled stand which was made in November 1991, in Hiroshima Prefecture, west Japan. The same soil temperature and soil moisture content as those in the forest stand were maintained in two frame boxes covered with sheets...... hiện toàn bộ
Luis O. Lucifora, Verónica B. García, Roberto Carlos Menni, Alicia H. Escalante, Natalia M. Hozbor
AbstractOntogenetic diet shifts are a widespread phenomenon among vertebrates, although their relationships with life history traits are poorly known. We analyzed the relative importance of body size, age and maturity stage as determinants of the diet of a marine top predator, the copper shark, Carcharhinus brachyurus, by examining stomac...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractA one‐male group (BE‐Group) of proboscis monkeys was studied along the Menanggul River, a tributary of the Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia, from May 2005 to 2006. It has generally been assumed that proboscis monkeys only set up their sleeping sites along the riverbank; however, when more than 1 m of water covered the forest floor for more than 700 m inl...... hiện toàn bộ
We studied the autumn food habits of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) from 1993 to 1997, based on 202 fecal samples in the Chichibu Mountains, central Japan. Nuts occupied the highest proportions of autumn foods (59.9–85.8% important values). Although the proportion of nuts of Quercus crispula, Fagus crenata... hiện toàn bộ
R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson, Charles S. Milan, James M. Lee, Thomas Oswald
Twelve salt marshes in south Louisiana (USA) were classified as either ‘impaired’ or ‘healthy’ before a summer sample collection of above‐ and below‐ground biomass and determination of sediment accretion rates. The above‐ground biomass of plant tissues was the same at both impaired and healthy salt marshes and was not a good predictor of marsh health. However, below‐ground root biomass in ...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractContemporary anthropogenic evolution is common. Biological invasions are an especially dynamic form of novel selection. This paper considers how native species evolve in response to biological invasions and the potential consequences of such evolution. Among numerous recent cases, the most widely reported instances are of phytophagous insects shifting onto ...... hiện toàn bộ