Neuroscience (miscellaneous)Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous)Molecular BiologyMedicine (miscellaneous)Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)
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The EMBO Journal publishes papers describing original research of broad general interest in molecular and cell biology - a particular emphasis is placed on molecular mechanism and physiological relevance. The journal encourages and publishes articles that report novel findings of wide biological significance in the areas of: Ageing; Autophagy; Cancer; Cell Adhesion, Polarity & Cytoskeleton; Cell Cycle; Cell Death; Developmental Biology; DNA Replication, Repair & Recombination; Chromatin, Epigenetics & Genomics; Immunology; Membrane & Intracellular Transport; Metabolism; Microbiology, Virology & Host Pathogen Interaction; Molecular Biology of Disease; Neuroscience; Plant Biology; Post-translational Modifications, Proteolysis & Proteomics; RNA Biology; Signal Transduction; Stem Cells; Structural Biology; Systems, Chemical & Computational Biology; Transcription; Protein Biosynthesis & Quality Control; Vascular Biology
AbstractCellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest that protects the organism from tumorigenesis and regulates tissue integrity upon damage and during tissue remodeling. However, accumulation of senescent cells in tissues during aging contributes to age‐related pathologies. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms regulating the viability of senescent cells is therefore required. Here, we show that the CDK inhibitor p21 (CDKN1A) maintains the viability of DNA damage‐induced senescent cells. Upon p21 knockdown, senescent cells acquired multiple DNA lesions that activated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and nuclear factor (NF)‐κB kinase, leading to decreased cell survival. NF‐κB activation induced TNF‐α secretion and JNK activation to mediate death of senescent cells in a caspase‐ and JNK‐dependent manner. Notably, p21 knockout in mice eliminated liver senescent stellate cells and alleviated liver fibrosis and collagen production. These findings define a novel pathway that regulates senescent cell viability and fibrosis.
Anna Emde, Chen Eitan, Linda E. Liou, Ryan T. Libby, Natali Rivkin, Iddo Magen, Irit Reichenstein, Hagar Oppenheim, Raya Eilam, Aurelio Silvestroni, Betty Alajajian, Iddo Z. Ben‐Dov, Julianne Aebischer, Alon Savidor, Yishai Levin, Robert Sons, Scott M. Hammond, John Ravits, Thomas Möller, Eran Hornstein