Criminal Justice and Behavior
1552-3594
0093-8548
Mỹ
Cơ quản chủ quản: SAGE Publications Inc.
Lĩnh vực:
Psychology (miscellaneous)Pathology and Forensic MedicineLaw
Phân tích ảnh hưởng
Thông tin về tạp chí
Criminal Justice and Behavior publishes articles examining psychological and behavioral aspects of the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The concepts "criminal justice" and "behavior" should be interpreted broadly to include analyses of etiology of delinquent or criminal behavior, the process of law violation, victimology, offender classification and treatment, deterrence, and incapacitation.
Các bài báo tiêu biểu
College Students' Lifestyles and Self-Protective Behaviors Routine activity theory has traditionally emphasized identifying victimization risks and suitable targets for crime. Assessments of the role of guardianship in criminal events are less emphasized. Explorations of who uses guardianship to attempt to reduce their chances for victimization have been developed only minimally, typically relying on demographics. This research goes further in assessing who uses self-protective strategies, considering lifestyles related to proximity to motivated offenders, the suitability of individuals as targets, and how these characteristics influence the use of self-protective devices. Results show the most influential lifestyle characteristics and behaviors on use of self-protective measures are exposure to potential offenders and neighborhood characteristics. Fear of crime, substance use, and individual demographics show only small relationships to guardianship.
Tập 30 Số 3 - Trang 302-327 - 2003
Actuarial Assessment of Violence Risk The assigning of different weights to risk factors in actuarial formulas for the assessment of violence risk in criminal offenders has been debated. The authors explore the predictive validity of an index with 10 well-established risk factors for criminal recidivism with respect to violent reconvictions among 404 former forensic psychiatric examinees in Sweden. Four different weighting conditions are tested experimentally, including Nuffield’s method, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, and an artificial neural network procedure. Simpler weighting techniques do not improve predictive accuracy over that of a nonweighted reference, and the more complex procedures yield a statistical shrinkage effect. The authors hypothesize that the general lack of causal risk factors in prediction models may contribute to the observed low utility of weighting techniques.
Tập 34 Số 1 - Trang 22-36 - 2007
Perceptions of Institutional Experience and Community Outcomes for Serious Adolescent Offenders Social scientists have long recognized that individual experiences in particular settings shape behavior, and as a result, many service sectors regularly evaluate client perceptions. This is not the case in the juvenile justice system. Using a sample of 519 serious juvenile offenders (92% male, ethnically diverse) from two sites, this study evaluated the impact of youth perceptions along eight dimensions of an institutional experience on recidivism following release, with recidivism measured as self-reported antisocial activity, rearrest, or a return to a facility. The authors demonstrated that more positive perceptions within and across dimensions of the juvenile setting reduce involvement in the outcomes assessed, even after controlling for individual characteristics and facility type. Implications for juvenile justice practice and policy are discussed.
Tập 39 Số 1 - Trang 71-93 - 2012
Coping, Imprisonment, and Rehabilitation The results of a recent longitudinal study of coping in prison are reviewed with respect to their implications for rehabilitation. The failure of the conditions of ordinary imprisonment to change behavior generally, and the demonstration of substantial coping deficits among prisoners in particular, are both justification for increased adoption of treatment programs aimed at behavioral change. More specifically, the data indicate that programs should begin at the start of a prison term rather than later, and they also delineate some of the particular targets for change. These all justify the conclusion that the empirical study of the process of imprisonment and the behavioral precursors of criminal actions can help to maximize the effectiveness of treatment programs.
Tập 17 Số 1 - Trang 53-70 - 1990
Assessing the Impact of Time Spent in Restrictive Housing Confinement on Subsequent Measures of Institutional Adjustment Among Men in Prison Proponents of restrictive housing argue that its use is an effective deterrent of antisocial behavior, while its critics maintain that the setting causes serious psychological damage and increases noncompliance with institutional rules and expectations. Unfortunately, few studies exist that examine the influence of restrictive housing on behavioral outcomes. This investigation adds to this gap in knowledge by assessing the impact of time spent in restrictive housing confinement on subsequent measures of institutional adjustment among men in prison. Logistic regression analyses reveal no statistically significant relationships between the number of days spent in restrictive housing and subsequent measures of institutional misconduct, and uncover a small, but significant, negative relationship with subsequent placement in restrictive housing. The research and policy implications of these results are discussed.
Tập 46 Số 10 - Trang 1445-1455 - 2019
The Effect of Gang Affiliation on Violent Misconduct Among Inmates During the Early Years of Confinement The pattern of inmate involvement in violent misconduct is established in the early years of imprisonment, yet few studies have looked at the predictors of violent misconduct during the first months or years of imprisonment, and none have studied the effects of gang affiliation during this time period. This study of 2, 158 male inmates who were confined for at least 3 years in a southwestern state prison system finds that gang affiliation has an effect on violent misconduct among inmates beyond the individual risk factors generally attributed to youth and prior criminal history. These findings suggest the need for additional research to clarify the linkage between gang affiliation and inmate violence, with implications for current efforts to supervise gang-affiliated inmates.
Tập 33 Số 4 - Trang 419-466 - 2006
Programming in Restrictive Housing: Considerations for Improving Outcome Evaluations A number of studies have identified “what works” in regard to the successful implementation of correctional programming over the past several decades. Few studies, however, have examined the complexities associated with programming in restrictive housing. Using data from a Midwestern department of corrections, we examined whether the provision of programming in restrictive housing achieved desired outcomes (e.g., reductions in inmate misconduct). The findings revealed the amount of time served in restrictive housing and confinement in different types of restrictive housing may influence estimations of a treatment effect. As a growing number of states seek to reform the use of restrictive housing, the proper implementation of cognitive-behavioral programming may increase institutional security and safety.
Tập 45 Số 8 - Trang 1174-1191 - 2018