Novel Process Windows – Gate to Maximizing Process Intensification via Flow Chemistry Tập 32 Số 11 - Trang 1655-1681 - 2009
Volker Hessel
AbstractDriven by the economics of scale, the size of reaction vessels as the major processing apparatus of the chemical industry has became bigger and bigger [1, 2]. Consequently, the efforts for ensuring mixing and heat transfer have also increased, as these are scale dependent. This has brought vessel operation to (partly severe) technical limits, especially whe...... hiện toàn bộ
High‐Pressure Homogenization as a Process for Emulsion Formation Tập 27 Số 4 - Trang 361-368 - 2004
Stefan Schultz, Gerhard Wagner, K. Urban, Joachim Ulrich
AbstractEmulsions find a wide range of application in industry and daily life. In the pharmaceutical industry lipophilic active ingredients are often formulated in the disperse phase of oil‐in‐water emulsions. Milk, butter, and margarine are examples of emulsions in daily life. In the metal processing industry emulsions are used in the form of coolants. Emulsions c...... hiện toàn bộ
Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process Tập 31 Số 5 - Trang 655-666 - 2008
Eric van Steen, Michael Claeys
AbstractThe Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis is at the heart of the Biomass‐to‐Liquids (BTL) process. Feasibility studies published in open literature typically consider cobalt‐based catalysts for the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis. Here, we present an overview on the history and development up until the present for both cobalt‐ and iron‐based Fischer‐Tropsch catalysts. The ro...... hiện toàn bộ
Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis, Morphology Control, and Stabilization Facilitated by Functional Polymers Tập 34 Số 1 - Trang 15-28 - 2011
Paschalis Alexandridis
AbstractGold nanoparticles exhibit novel optical and catalytic properties, are nontoxic and biocompatible, and attract considerable interest in a range of applications, e.g. photonics, diagnostics, and therapeutics. The morphology (size and shape) of the nanoparticles and their surface/colloidal properties are very important in the various applications. A methodolo...... hiện toàn bộ
Enhancement of Chemical Selectivity by Microreactors Tập 28 Số 3 - Trang 259-266 - 2005
Jun‐ichi Yoshida, Aiichiro Nagaki, Takeshi Iwasaki, Seiji Suga
AbstractThis article provides a brief outline of the state of the art of reactions using microreactors with special emphasis on the enhancement of product selectivity. The efficient micromixing possible with a short diffusion path increases the product selectivity of competitive parallel reactions and competitive consecutive reactions. This concept has been expande...... hiện toàn bộ
Decomposition of a Lignin Model Compound under Hydrothermal Conditions Tập 30 Số 8 - Trang 1113-1122 - 2007
Wahyu Diono, T. Kanetake, Mitsuru Sasaki, Motonobu Goto
AbstractLignin, which is the second most abundant polymeric aromatic organic substance in wood biomass after cellulose, and contains many oxygen‐based functional groups, has been proposed as an alternative source of chemical compounds. Guaiacol, a model compound for lignin, was reacted in supercritical water using a batch‐type reactor at temperatures of 653–673 K a...... hiện toàn bộ
Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Gas‐Liquid Flows in Microreactors Tập 35 Số 8 - Trang 1346-1358 - 2012
Paweł Sobieszuk, Joëlle Aubin, Ryszard Pohorecki
AbstractOver the last ten to fifteen years, microreaction technology has become of increased interest to both academics and industrialists for intensification of multiphase processes. Amongst the vast application possibilities, fast, highly exothermic and/or mass transfer‐limited gas‐liquid reactions benefit from process miniaturization. Recent studies of hydrodyna...... hiện toàn bộ
Continuous Micro Liquid‐Liquid Extraction Tập 36 Số 6 - Trang 921-936 - 2013
Nora Assmann, Agnieszka Ładosz, Philipp Rudolf von Rohr
AbstractAmong the different separation processes, liquid‐liquid extraction especially benefits from microfluidics as the short molecular diffusion distance and large specific interfacial area in microchannels are advantageous for effective liquid/liquid contacting. An overview is given on different examples of continuous micro liquid‐liquid extraction. As contactin...... hiện toàn bộ
Sulfur Removal from Low‐Sulfur Gasoline and Diesel Fuel by Metal‐Organic Frameworks Tập 33 Số 2 - Trang 275-280 - 2010
Sabine Achmann, Gunter Hagen, Martin Hämmerle, I.M. Malkowsky, C. Kiener, Ralf Moos
AbstractSeveral materials in the class of metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) were investigated to determine their sorption characteristics for sulfur compounds from fuels. The materials were tested using different model oils and common fuels such as low‐sulfur gasoline or diesel fuel at room temperature and ambient pressure. Thiophene and tetrahydrothiophene (THT) were...... hiện toàn bộ