This study examines beliefs about the ontological status of social categories, asking whether their members are understood to share fixed, inhering essences or natures. Forty social categories were rated on nine elements of essentialism. These elements formed two independent dimensions, representing the degrees to which categories are understood as natural kinds and as coherent entities wi...... hiện toàn bộ
Progress in habit theory can be made by distinguishing habit from frequency of occurrence, and using independent measures for these constructs. This proposition was investigated in three studies using a longitudinal, cross‐sectional and experimental design on eating, mental habits and word processing, respectively. In Study 1, snacking habit and past snacking frequency independently predic...... hiện toàn bộ
This study uses integrated threat theory to examine Dutch adolescents’ (N =1,187) prejudice towards Muslim minorities. One out of two participants was found to have negative feelings towards Muslims. Perceived symbolic and realistic threat and negative stereotypes were examined as mediators between antecedent factors (in‐group identification, intergroup contact, ...... hiện toàn bộ
Gordon Allport (1954) proposed that belief in group essences is one aspect of the prejudiced personality, alongside a rigid, dichotomous and ambiguity‐intolerant cognitive style. We examined whether essentialist beliefs—beliefs that a social category has a fixed, inherent, identity‐defining nature—are indeed associated in this fashion with prejudice towards black people, women and gay men....... hiện toàn bộ
Sandy Bogaert, Christophe Boone, Carolyn H. Declerck
Social psychologists have long recognized that people fundamentally differ with respect to their social value orientation (SVO), that is, self‐regarding versus other regarding preferences, and that these differences affect cooperative behaviour in situations of interdependence. In this paper, we systematically review the vast number of findings on SVO and cooperation, and synthesize the st...... hiện toàn bộ
Self‐report correlational data support self‐determination theory's (SDT's) postulate that there are three basic psychological needs, for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which combine additively to predict well‐being and thriving. However, experimental research in the SDT tradition has focused only on autonomy support, not relatedness and competence support. To fill this gap, we empl...... hiện toàn bộ
Jeff Joireman, Terell P. Lasane, Jennifer Bennett, D.L. Richards, Salma Solaimani
This study integrates social value orientation (Messick & McClintock, 1968) and the consideration of future consequences (CFC; Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, & Edwards, 1994) within the extended norm activation model of proenvironmental behaviour (Stern, Dietz, & Kalof, 1993). A survey of college s...... hiện toàn bộ
This research examined the role of habit and intention in the prediction of future behaviour by analysing that past behaviour frequency moderates the intention–behaviour relationship to the extent that the context in which the behaviour was performed is stable. In two correlational studies, it was found that habit interacted with intention when context stability was taken into account and ...... hiện toàn bộ
Shalom H. Schwartz, Markku Verkasalo, Aaron Antonovsky, Lilach Sagiv
Associations of value priorities with socially desirable responding (SD) might be due to a stylistic bias that distorts self‐reported value ratings or to a substantive relationship between valued goals and needs. We hypothesize that, as a stylistic bias, SD would increase (a) the importance people attribute to values in general and (b) ...... hiện toàn bộ