Prejudice towards Muslims in The Netherlands: Testing integrated threat theory

British Journal of Social Psychology - Tập 47 Số 4 - Trang 667-685 - 2008
Karina Velasco González1, Maykel Verkuyten1, Jeroen Weesie1, Edwin Poppe1
1Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

This study uses integrated threat theory to examine Dutch adolescents’ (N =1,187) prejudice towards Muslim minorities. One out of two participants was found to have negative feelings towards Muslims. Perceived symbolic and realistic threat and negative stereotypes were examined as mediators between antecedent factors (in‐group identification, intergroup contact, and the endorsement of multiculturalism) and prejudice. Based on structural equation modelling, it was found that stereotypes and symbolic threats, but not realistic threats, predicted prejudice towards Muslims. Further, it was found that the effect of in‐group identification on prejudice was fully mediated by symbolic threat, the effect of contact was partially mediated by stereotypes, and the effect of the endorsement of multiculturalism was mediated by both symbolic threat and stereotypes. In addition, contact and multiculturalism were directly associated with prejudice towards Muslims. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Allen C. &Nielsen J.(2002).Islamophobia in the EU after 11 September 2001 [online]. Vienna: European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia. Available from:http:www.raxen.eumc.eu.int1webmill.php[Accessed:18‐09‐2006].

10.1002/ejsp.143

Barker M., 1981, The New Racism

10.1002/ejsp.224

10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.06.004

10.1037/0008-400X.27.3.301

10.1348/014466602760060165

10.1207/S15324834BASP2303_5

Bogardus E. S., 1933, A social distance scale, Sociology and Social Research, 3, 265

10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.265

Brown R., 1995, Prejudice: Its social psychology

10.1002/1099-0992(200011/12)30:6<745::AID-EJSP24>3.0.CO;2-O

10.1016/S0065-2601(05)37005-5

Browne M. W., 1993, Testing structural equation models, 136

10.1037/h0087147

Coser L., 1956, The functions of social conflict

10.1037/0022-3514.92.4.631

10.1002/ejsp.331

Duckitt J., 1992, The social psychology of prejudice

Ellemers N., 1999, Social identity: Context, commitment, content

Esses V. M., 2003, Canadian immigration policy for the 21st century, 507

10.1002/9780470773963.ch14

EUMC(2001).Report to EUMC on ‘post September 11th developments’. Dutch Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia. Available from:http:www.lbr.nlinternationaalDUMCpublicatieindex.html[Accessed: 20‐09‐2006].

10.1037/0003-066X.51.6.609

Gijsberts M., 2005, Opvattingen van autochtonen en allochtonen over de multi‐etnische samenleving, Jaarrapport integratie 2005

10.1353/csd.2005.0015

10.1177/0146167293196005

LeVine R. A., 1972, Ethnocentrism

10.1177/0146167292183006

10.1111/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02493.x

10.1353/sof.2003.0038

Myers R., 1990, Classical and modern regression with applications

10.1086/229156

10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.65

10.1002/ejsp.2420250106

10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751

Pew Research Centre(2005).Islamic extremism: Common concern for Muslim and Western publics [online]. The Pew Global Attitudes Project. Available from:http:pewglobal.orgreportsdisplay.phpReportID248[Accessed: 23‐09‐2006].

10.1016/j.jesp.2003.09.002

10.1207/s15327957pspr1004_4

Schlueter E. Wagner U. &Schmidt P.(in press).Disentangling the causal relations of perceived group threat and out‐group derogation: Cross‐national evidence from German and Russian panel surveys.European Sociological Review.

Schneider D. J., 2004, The psychology of stereotyping

Scroggins D., 2005, The Dutch‐Muslim cultural war, Nation, 27, 21

10.1007/978-1-4899-0818-6_4

Sherif M., 1966, In common predicament. Social psychology of intergroup conflict and cooperation

Sniderman P. M., 2007, When ways of life collide

10.1017/S000305540400098X

10.1177/01461672022812009

10.1177/0022022100031002006

Stephan W. G., 2002, From prejudice to intergroup emotions: Differentiated reactions to social groups, 265

10.1016/B978-0-08-088579-7.50010-7

10.1016/0147-1767(96)00026-0

10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00107.x

10.1177/0022022198294004

Tajfel H., 1979, The social psychology of intergroup relations, 33

10.1348/014466606X155150

Tur‐Kaspa Shimoni M., 2003, Perceived threat and prejudice in three domains of intergroup tension in Israeli Society, Megamot, 42, 549

Turner J. C., 1999, Social identity: Context, commitment, content, 6

10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(1998110)28:6<995::AID-EJSP908>3.0.CO;2-8

Verkuyten M., 1997, The structure of ethnic attitudes: The effect of target group, region, gender and national identity, Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123, 261

10.1037/0022-3514.88.1.121

Verkuyten M., 2006, European review of social psychology, 148

10.1177/019027250506800405

10.1177/1368430203006001011

Vogt W. P., 1997, Tolerance and education: Learning to live with diversity and difference

10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.06.002

10.1037/0022-3514.78.4.635

10.1007/s11211-006-0014-8

10.1177/0032329299027001002