Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), a rare paroxysmal movement disorder
often misdiagnosed as epilepsy, is characterized by recurrent, brief dyskinesia
attacks triggered by sudden voluntary movement. Pathophysiological mechanism of
PKD remains not well understood. Ion channelopathy has been suggested, since the
disease responds well to ion channel blockers. Mutations in proline-rich
transmemb... hiện toàn bộ
As an evolutionarily conserved mechanism, innate immunity controls self-nonself
discrimination to protect a host from invasive pathogens. Macrophages are major
participants of the innate immune system. Through the activation of diverse
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), macrophages are triggered to initiate a variety of
functions including locomotion, phagocytosis, and secretion of cytokines that
require... hiện toàn bộ
Bedside pleuroscopy can be used in daily practice by medical pulmonologists if a
patient cannot tolerate either general anesthesia or being moved to an operating
or endoscopy room due to their critical condition. It is a simple and safe
technique that rarely has complications. The aim of this review is to summarize
recent literatures about bedside pleuroscopy and share our experiences with
using i... hiện toàn bộ
Background: Wilson’s disease (WD) is a genetic disorder involving the metabolism
of copper. WD patients exhibit a wide range of disease phenotypes, including
Kayser-Fleischer rings in the cornea, predominant progressive hepatic disease,
neurological diseases, and/or psychiatric illnesses, among others. Patients with
exon12 mutations of the ATP7B gene have progressive hepatic disease. An ATP7B
gene... hiện toàn bộ
Background: Naringin is a major antioxidant in Citrus fruits and herbs. To
clarify molecular forms distributed to various tissues, we investigated tissue
distribution of naringin and relevant metabolites in rats after repeated dosing.
Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered naringin (210 mg/kg)
twice daily for eight days. At 6 h post the 17th dose, various tissues including
live... hiện toàn bộ
Broncholithiasis is the presence of calcific material within the
tracheobronchial tree. Asymptomatic patients can be managed with observation
only, whereas symptomatic disease requires surgery, rigid or flexible
bronchoscopic removal. Recent reports have shown that flexible bronchoscopy can
be a safe and effective option for removal of loose in addition to partially
imbedded broncholiths. We prese... hiện toàn bộ
Solitary renal metastasis of esophageal cancer is rare clinically, with only 14
cases being reported in the literature. The authors here report a case of a
53-year-old man with a metachronous hypopharyngeal and esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma who developed a solitary renal metastasis after complete
chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer, and subsequently received a left
nephrectomy. The metast... hiện toàn bộ