Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
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Diversification of Neotropical Freshwater FishesNeotropical freshwater fishes (NFFs) constitute the most diverse continental vertebrate fauna on Earth, with more than 6,200 named species compressed into an aquatic footprint <0.5% of the total regional land-surface area and representing the greatest phenotypic disparity and functional diversity of any continental ichthyofauna. Data from the fossil record and time-calibrated molecular ... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 51 Số 1 - Trang 27-53 - 2020
Shade Tolerance, a Key Plant Feature of Complex Nature and ConsequencesLight gradients are ubiquitous in nature, so all plants are exposed to some degree of shade during their lifetime. The minimum light required for survival, shade tolerance, is a crucial life-history trait that plays a major role in plant community dynamics. There is consensus on the suites of traits that influence shade tolerance, but debate over the relative importance of traits maximizin... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 39 Số 1 - Trang 237-257 - 2008
Landscapes and Riverscapes: The Influence of Land Use on Stream Ecosystems ▪ Abstract Local habitat and biological diversity of streams and rivers are strongly influenced by landform and land use within the surrounding valley at multiple scales. However, empirical associations between land use and stream response only varyingly succeed in implicating pathways of influence. This is the case for a number of reasons, including (a) covariation of anthropogenic and ... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 35 Số 1 - Trang 257-284 - 2004
Systematic and Biogeographical Patterns in the Reproductive Biology of Scleractinian CoralsA limited diversity of character states for reproductive traits and a robust phylogeny make scleractinian corals an ideal model organism with which to explore the evolution of life-history traits. Here, we explore systematic and biogeographical patterns in the reproductive biology of the Scleractinia within the context of a new molecular phylogeny and using reproductive traits from nearly ... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 40 Số 1 - Trang 551-571 - 2009
Woody Plant Diversity, Evolution, and Ecology in the Tropics: Perspectives from Seasonally Dry Tropical ForestsThis review suggests that the ecology and patchy global distribution of seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) has distinctively structured the evolutionary history and biogeography of woody plant groups that are confined to it. SDTFs have few widespread woody plant species causing high β-diversity between separate areas of forests. These separate areas contain geologically old, monophyleti... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 40 Số 1 - Trang 437-457 - 2009
Social Organization and Parasite Risk in Mammals: Integrating Theory and Empirical Studies▪ Abstract Mammals are exposed to a diverse array of parasites and infectious diseases, many of which affect host survival and reproduction. Species that live in dense populations, large social groups, or with promiscuous mating systems may be especially vulnerable to infectious diseases owing to the close proximity and higher contact rates among individuals. We review the effects of host... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 34 Số 1 - Trang 517-547 - 2003
The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity in Flowing Freshwater SystemsOngoing increases in air temperature and changing precipitation patterns are altering water temperatures and flow regimes in lotic freshwater systems, and these changes are expected to continue in the coming century. Freshwater taxa are responding to these changes at all levels of biological organization. The generation of appropriate hydrologic and water temperature projections is critica... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 48 Số 1 - Trang 111-133 - 2017
Unifying and Testing Models of Sexual Selection Sexual reproduction is associated with the evolution of anisogamy and sperm-producing males and egg-laying females. The ensuing competition for mates has led to sexual selection and coevolution of the sexes. Mathematical models are extensively used to test the plausibility of different complicated scenarios for the evolution of sexual traits. Unfortunately, the diversity of models is now ... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 37 Số 1 - Trang 43-66 - 2006
Stoichiometry and Nutrition of Plant Growth in Natural Communities Stoichiometric relations in plants, with emphasis on C:N:P, are reviewed. Both theoretically and empirically it is found for whole plants as well as for different tissues that nitrogen concentrations increase slower than phosphorus concentrations. A lack of data prevents the establishment of relations between nitrogen and other elements. Optimal element ratios where elements are simultane... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 39 Số 1 - Trang 153-170 - 2008
Impacts of Artificial Light at Night on Biological TimingsThe use of artificial lighting to illuminate the night has provided substantial benefits to humankind. It has also disrupted natural daily, seasonal, and lunar light cycles as experienced by a diversity of organisms, and hence it has also altered cues for the timings of many biological activities. Here we review the evidence for impacts of artificial nighttime lighting on these timings. Al... ...
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics - Tập 48 Số 1 - Trang 49-68 - 2017
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