The transsulfuration pathway: a source of cysteine for glutathione in astrocytesAmino Acids - Tập 42 - Trang 199-205 - 2011
Gethin J. McBean
Astrocyte cells require cysteine as a substrate for glutamate cysteine ligase (γ-glutamylcysteine synthase; EC 6.3.2.2) catalyst of the rate-limiting step of the γ-glutamylcycle leading to formation of glutathione (l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH). In both astrocytes and glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells, the majority of cysteine originates from reduction of cystine imported by the x
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Tryptophan metabolism, from nutrition to potential therapeutic applicationsAmino Acids - Tập 41 - Trang 1195-1205 - 2010
Nathalie Le Floc’h, Winfried Otten, Elodie Merlot
Tryptophan is an indispensable amino acid that should to be supplied by dietary protein. Apart from its incorporation into body proteins, tryptophan is the precursor for serotonin, an important neuromediator, and for kynurenine, an intermediary metabolite of a complex metabolic pathway ending with niacin, CO2, and kynurenic and xanthurenic acids. Tryptophan metabolism within different tissues is a...... hiện toàn bộ
The β1-adrenergic receptor mediates extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation via GαsAmino Acids - Tập 38 - Trang 75-84 - 2008
Junfang Zheng, Hui Shen, Ying Xiong, Xiaomei Yang, Junqi He
β-Adrenergic receptors can activate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) via different mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of β1-adrenergic receptor (β1AR)-mediated ERK activation in African green monkey kidney COS-7 cells. Treatment of cells with isoproterenol (ISO), a β1AR selective agonist, induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner. ISO...... hiện toàn bộ
Design and synthesis of mono and bicyclic tetrapeptides thioester as potent inhibitor of histone deacetylasesAmino Acids - Tập 46 - Trang 2435-2444 - 2014
Md. Ashraful Hoque, Md. Shahidul Islam, Md. Nurul Islam, Tamaki Kato, Norikazu Nishino, Akihiro Ito, Minoru Yoshida
Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a promising class of anticancer agents that have an effect on gene regulation. The naturally occurring cyclic depsipeptide FK228 containing disulfide and Largazole possessing thioester functionalities act as pro-drugs and share the same HDAC inhibition mechanism in cell. Inspired from these facts, we have reported bicyclic tetrapeptide disulfide HDAC ...... hiện toàn bộ
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (IDO2) and the kynurenine pathway: characteristics and potential roles in health and diseaseAmino Acids - Tập 45 - Trang 1319-1329 - 2013
Amos A. Fatokun, Nicholas H. Hunt, Helen J. Ball
The kynurenine pathway is the major route for the oxidative degradation of the amino acid tryptophan. Activity of the pathway is involved in several disease conditions, both in the periphery and the central nervous system, including cancer, inflammatory disorders, neurological conditions, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Three enzymes are now known to catalyze the first and ra...... hiện toàn bộ
Polyamine delivery as a tool to modulate stem cell differentiation in skeletal tissue engineeringAmino Acids - Tập 46 - Trang 717-728 - 2013
Rosa Maria Borzì, Serena Guidotti, Manuela Minguzzi, Annalisa Facchini, Daniela Platano, Giovanni Trisolino, Giuseppe Filardo, Silvia Cetrullo, Stefania D’Adamo, Claudio Stefanelli, Andrea Facchini, Flavio Flamigni
The first step in skeleton development is the condensation of mesenchymal precursors followed by any of two different types of ossification, depending on the type of bone segment: in intramembranous ossification, the bone is deposed directly in the mesenchymal anlagen, whereas in endochondral ossification, the bone is deposed onto a template of cartilage that is subsequently substituted by bone. P...... hiện toàn bộ
Polyamine oxidase activity in rats treated with mitoguazone: Specific and permanent decrease in thymusAmino Acids - Tập 24 - Trang 187-194 - 2003
M. E. Ferioli, A. Armanni
To extend the knowledge on the role of polyamine oxidase in thymus physiology, we evaluated the in vivo effect of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway inhibitor mitoguazone. The drug markedly and permanently decreased the enzyme activity in the organ, in which the level of putrescine also decreased at the later times observed. A byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by polyamine oxidase is hydrogen p...... hiện toàn bộ