American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

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Relationship between esophageal muscle thickness and intraluminal pressure in patients with esophageal spasm
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 282 Số 6 - Trang G1016-G1023 - 2002
Nonko Pehlivanov, Jianmin Liu, Ghassan S. Kassab, Cheryl Beaumont, Ravinder K. Mittal
We previously showed, in normal subjects, a positive correlation between the esophageal contraction amplitude and peak muscle thickness. The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between esophageal muscle thickness and contraction amplitude in patients with high-amplitude peristaltic and simultaneous contractions. Eleven patients with high-amplitude peristaltic contractions...... hiện toàn bộ
Mesenchymal stem cells promote mesenteric vasodilation through hydrogen sulfide and endothelial nitric oxide
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 317 Số 4 - Trang G441-G446 - 2019
Jan Te Winkel, Quincy E. John, Brian D. Hosfield, Natalie A. Drucker, Amitava Das, Ken R. Olson, Troy A. Markel
Mesenteric ischemia is a devastating process that can result in intestinal necrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are becoming a promising treatment modality. We hypothesized that 1) MSCs would promote vasodilation of mesenteric arterioles, 2) hydrogen sulfide (H2S) would be a critical paracrine factor of stem cell-mediated vasodilation, 3) mesenteric vasodilation wo...... hiện toàn bộ
Platelet interaction with lymphatics aggravates intestinal inflammation by suppressing lymphangiogenesis
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 311 Số 2 - Trang G276-G285 - 2016
Hirokazu Sato, Masaaki Higashiyama, Hideaki Hozumi, Shingo Sato, Hirotaka Furuhashi, Takeshi Takajo, Koji Maruta, Yuichi Yasutake, Kazuyuki Narimatsu, Kenichi Yoshikawa, Chie Kurihara, Yoshikiyo Okada, Chikako Watanabe, Shunsuke Komoto, Kengo Tomita, Shigeaki Nagao, Soichiro Miura, Ryota Hokari
Lymphatic failure is a histopathological feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies show that interaction between platelets and podoplanin on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) suppresses lymphangiogenesis. We aimed to investigate the role of platelets in the inflammatory process of colitis, which is likely to be through modulation of lymphangiogenesis. Lymphangiogenesis i...... hiện toàn bộ
Events at the Host-Microbial Interface of the Gastrointestinal Tract V. Paneth cell α-defensins in intestinal host defense
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 289 Số 2 - Trang G173-G176 - 2005
Charles Bevins
Host defense of the small intestine is mediated, in part, by antimicrobial peptides, including α-defensins. In the small intestine, Paneth cells, specialized secretory epithelial cells located at the base of the crypt invaginations lining the intestinal wall, produce α-defensins. The α-defensins are cysteine-rich cationic peptides with antibiotic activity against a wide range of bacteria a...... hiện toàn bộ
Human and mouse tissue-engineered small intestine both demonstrate digestive and absorptive function
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 308 Số 8 - Trang G664-G677 - 2015
Christa N. Grant, Salvador Garcia Mojica, Frédéric Sala, J.R. Hill, Daniel E. Levin, Allison L. Speer, Erik R. Barthel, Hiroyuki Shimada, Nicholas C. Zachos, Tracy C. Grikscheit
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a devastating condition in which insufficient small intestinal surface area results in malnutrition and dependence on intravenous parenteral nutrition. There is an increasing incidence of SBS, particularly in premature babies and newborns with congenital intestinal anomalies. Tissue-engineered small intestine (TESI) offers a therapeutic alternative to the curr...... hiện toàn bộ
A nomenclature for intestinal in vitro cultures
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 302 Số 12 - Trang G1359-G1363 - 2012
Matthias Stelzner, Michael A. Helmrath, James Dunn, Susan Henning, Courtney W. Houchen, Calvin J. Kuo, John P. Lynch, Linheng Li, Scott T. Magness, Martı́n G. Martı́n, Melissa H. Wong, Jian Yu
Many advances have been reported in the long-term culture of intestinal mucosal cells in recent years. A significant number of publications have described new culture media, cell formations, and growth patterns. Furthermore, it is now possible to study, e.g., the capabilities of isolated stem cells or the interactions between stem cells and mesenchyme. However, at the moment there is signi...... hiện toàn bộ
Characterization of a human plasma membrane heme transporter in intestinal and hepatocyte cell lines
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 280 Số 6 - Trang G1172-G1177 - 2001
Mark Worthington, Steven M. Cohn, Suzanne K. Miller, Roger Qi Luo, Carl L. Berg
Heme is the most bioavailable form of dietary iron and a component of many cellular proteins. Controversy exists as to whether heme uptake occurs via specific transport mechanisms or passive diffusion. The aims of this study were to quantify cellular heme uptake with a fluorescent heme analog and to determine whether heme uptake is mediated by a heme transporter in intestinal and hepatic c...... hiện toàn bộ
Role of the perforin/granzyme cell death pathway ind-Gal/LPS-induced inflammatory liver injury
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 296 Số 5 - Trang G1069-G1076 - 2009
Angela Kuhla, Christian Eipel, Kerstin Abshagen, Nikolai Siebert, Michael D. Menger, Brigitte Vollmar
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their granule components, such as perforin and granzyme, play an important role in the defense of hepatic infections caused by different pathogens. Moreover, it has been shown in vitro that hepatocytes can initiate cell death via a perforin-dependent mechanism. Although it is well known that hepatocellular apoptosis in d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (d-Gal/L...... hiện toàn bộ
V. Stress and irritable bowel syndrome
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 280 Số 4 - Trang G519-G524 - 2001
Emeran A. Mayer, Bruce D. Naliboff, Lin Chang, Santosh V. Coutinho
Different types of stress play important roles in the onset and modulation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors on gut function and brain-gut interactions are mediated by outputs of the emotional motor system in terms of autonomic, neuroendocrine, attentional, and pain modulatory responses. IBS patients show an enhan...... hiện toàn bộ
Events at the Host-Microbial Interface of the Gastrointestinal Tract II. Role of the intestinal epithelium in pathogen-induced inflammation
American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 288 Số 5 - Trang G854-G859 - 2005
Karen L. Mumy, Beth A. McCormick
An immense number of bacteria reside within the intestinal lumen. The task of appropriately identifying and responding to microbial threats lies primarily with the single layer of cells that line the intestinal tract. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed a number of strategies aimed at identifying microorganisms and eliciting the appropriate inflammatory response. The pathogen recog...... hiện toàn bộ
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