20th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum
Cơ quản chủ quản: N/A
Các bài báo tiêu biểu
Calculation of electric field in vacuum circuit breaker using optimized and traditional CSM
- Trang 552-555
In this paper, a combined method of traditional and optimized charge simulation
method (CSM) based on the genetic algorithms (GA) is presented for calculating
electric field. Based on the well studied and analyzed traditional CSM, the
optimized charges locations and quantities have been realized using GA as the
optimization method. The feasibility and practicability of the combined method
are veri...
#Circuit breakers #Optimization methods #Finite difference methods #Boundary conditions #Dielectrics and electrical insulation #Voltage #Home appliances #Electrodes #Conductors #Electric potential
A simplified model of the formation of a deep potential well in a vacuum diode
- Trang 467-470
The nonstationary problem of the formation of a virtual cathode in a diode with
an accelerating electric field and a high-current electron beam entering the
diode has been solved numerically. As a result, the possibility of the formation
of a deep nonstationary well in the presence of an electric field in the diode
gap has been shown and a model for the current passage and the formation of such
a ...
#Potential well #Diodes #Cathodes #Electron beams #Acceleration #Sparks #Physics #Electron emission #Elementary particle vacuum #Explosives
Investigation of dielectric breakdown probability distribution for double-break vacuum circuit breaker
- Trang 323-326
Breakdown probability distribution before and after no-load switching was
investigated for a vacuum interrupter made from copper-chromium alloy. Since the
multi-break vacuum circuit breaker was considered as a method for realizing a
high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, a double-break vacuum circuit breaker was
investigated for breakdown probability distribution. Breakdown probability
distribution ...
#Dielectric breakdown #Probability distribution #Vacuum breakdown #Circuit breakers #Interrupters #Copper alloys #Electric breakdown #Weibull distribution #Scattering #Shape
Experimental analysis of ion parameters during the forced vacuum arc interruption
- Trang 415-418
The paper presents experimental measuring results of the ion decay time during
the post-arc phase after a forced interruption of diffuse vacuum arc. Arc
current of amplitudes 400 A and 600 A was switched-off using counter-pulse
current with falling rates from 2 A//spl mu/s u to 67 A//spl mu/s in a
laboratory test circuit. The used voltage, current and contact parameters were
representative for a l...
#Vacuum arcs #Circuit testing #Switches #Current measurement #Force measurement #Phase measurement #Time measurement #Switching circuits #Laboratories #Voltage
Glow-to-arc transition at the left branch of the Paschen-curve
- Trang 243-246
The glow-to-arc transition in deuterium at pressures p /spl les/ 10 mbar has
been investigated experimentally with high time resolution (10 ns) by using a
high-speed image converter camera and a 1 GHz digital oscilloscope. The
electrodes were made from graphite with different compositions. The following
observations have been made: (i) at currents > 1 A an anode spot is formed that
precedes the ca...
#Magnetic fields #Cathodes #Electrodes #Anodes #Voltage #Deuterium #Image resolution #Image converters #Digital cameras #Oscilloscopes
On statistics of dielectric strength of triggered vacuum switches
- Trang 194-197
The paper deals with experimental tests of dielectric strength of triggered
vacuum switches (TVS). The dielectric strength was measured applying AC high
voltage to a switch after several commutations of current in the TVS. Two
approaches to determine a breakdown probability curve were used in the tests.
Taking into account practical considerations, the main body of experimental
results was obtaine...
#Statistics #Dielectric breakdown #Switches #Testing #Breakdown voltage #Electric breakdown #Electrodes #Current measurement #Dielectric measurements #Tail
The "hunting effect" in the cathode region of a vacuum arc
- Trang 88-90
The interaction of liquid-metal droplets with plasma jets in the cathode region
of a vacuum arc is considered based on the ecton model of a cathode spot. It is
shown that the heating of a droplet which is in the zone of operation of a
cathode spot can result in the transition of the droplet into the plasma state.
#Cathodes #Vacuum arcs #Plasma density #Plasma diagnostics #Electrons #Current density #Plasma temperature #Physics #Heating #Laser modes
Scientific principles of choosing optimal treatment conditions for the plasma-ion, ion-beam, light-beam and combined technology
- Trang 91-94
A significant amount of research on quality characteristic dependencies from
technological parameters allows developing system cards of dependencies of a
micro hardness, roughness, wear resistance, cutting tool stability, oxidability,
adhesion, fatigue resistance and other quality characteristics from
technological parameters and physical-mechanical characteristics for the
plasma-ion, ion-beam, an...
#Plasma stability #Plasma properties #Manufacturing #Particle beams #Cutting tools #Adhesives #Fatigue #System testing #Dielectrics and electrical insulation #Coatings
Electron temperature in the expanding cathode plasma jet in a vacuum arc
- Trang 535-538
The electron temperature distribution in the expanding plasma jet from the group
spot in 2D approximation is calculated. The model considers spot currents of
about 100 A and the spot (initial) electron temperature of about 2 eV. Effects
of the self- and axial magnetic field are studied. Two cases, namely individual
single jet from the cathode spot and high current column are considered. The
calcul...
#Plasma temperature #Electrons #Cathodes #Vacuum arcs #Magnetic fields #Temperature distribution #Plasma materials processing #Plasma measurements #Plasma density #Magnetic field measurement
Future trends in vacuum technology applications
- Trang 25-29
In the medium voltage range the vacuum switching principle is well established.
Today vacuum circuit breakers are available up to 52 kV rated voltage and 80 kA
short-circuit current. Based on long term experiences and knowledge from basic
research development there is a clear progress into lower and higher voltage
ranges and highest interrupting capabilities. In addition to expansion of
ratings al...
#Vacuum technology #Magnetic fields #Medium voltage #Contacts #Interrupters #Circuit breakers #Electron tubes #Power generation #Vacuum systems #Magnetic switching