20th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum
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Các bài báo tiêu biểu
Source of metal ions with a variable velocity
- Trang 674-677
Results of the time-of-flight measurements of the cathode plasma jet velocity in
a low voltage vacuum spark are presented. It is found that the mean velocity of
plasma jet is variable at a wide range of values. When the discharge current is
enhanced from 0.6 kA up to 11 kA, the velocity of plasma jet at a distance of 35
cm from the copper cathode is risen linear from 2-10/sup 6/ cm/s up to 7-10/su...
#Cathodes #Plasma measurements #Capacitors #Velocity measurement #Plasma sources #Sparks #Vacuum arcs #Current measurement #Anodes #Delay
Investigation of dielectric breakdown probability distribution for double-break vacuum circuit breaker
- Trang 323-326
Breakdown probability distribution before and after no-load switching was
investigated for a vacuum interrupter made from copper-chromium alloy. Since the
multi-break vacuum circuit breaker was considered as a method for realizing a
high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, a double-break vacuum circuit breaker was
investigated for breakdown probability distribution. Breakdown probability
distribution ...
#Dielectric breakdown #Probability distribution #Vacuum breakdown #Circuit breakers #Interrupters #Copper alloys #Electric breakdown #Weibull distribution #Scattering #Shape
Limiting electric strength of vacuum electrode systems including combined breakdown
- Trang 190-193
There exists three types of emission sites, eventually being a place of
initiation of electric breakdown in vacuum switching devices with a screened
insulator. Using electrostatic field calculations, potential breakdown paths,
which start at the emission site in a vacuum interrupter, have been analyzed.
Combined breakdown includes a breakdown path across two vacuum gaps and
formation of flashover ...
#Vacuum breakdown #Vacuum systems #Electrodes #Electric breakdown #Breakdown voltage #Dielectrics and electrical insulation #Interrupters #Testing #Electrostatics #Flashover
Dielectric strength of the vacuum interrupter sections after termination of the electric life
- Trang 376-379
The dielectric strength of the vacuum interrupter (VI) sections is studied after
termination of the electric life. It is shown the reduction of the electric life
occurs in particular cases and its reason is the appearance of more low voltage
breakdowns called as "slow" because of increasing almost by an order the time of
the voltage drop to zero during breakdown (several microseconds against
fract...
#Dielectric breakdown #Interrupters #Circuit testing #Breakdown voltage #Vacuum breakdown #Dielectrics and electrical insulation #Electric breakdown #Vacuum arcs #Laboratories #Lightning
Experimental analysis of ion parameters during the forced vacuum arc interruption
- Trang 415-418
The paper presents experimental measuring results of the ion decay time during
the post-arc phase after a forced interruption of diffuse vacuum arc. Arc
current of amplitudes 400 A and 600 A was switched-off using counter-pulse
current with falling rates from 2 A//spl mu/s u to 67 A//spl mu/s in a
laboratory test circuit. The used voltage, current and contact parameters were
representative for a l...
#Vacuum arcs #Circuit testing #Switches #Current measurement #Force measurement #Phase measurement #Time measurement #Switching circuits #Laboratories #Voltage
Plasma stream homogeneity in metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition
- Trang 455-458
The homogeneity of metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition
(MePIIID) was investigated for flat substrates and the materials systems Al,
AlN, Ti, TiN, TiO/sub 2/, and ZnO. An influence of pulse voltage, cathode
material and backfill on the lateral homogeneity was observed, so that the
plasma stream emanating from the arc as well as the plasma sheath evolving
around the substrates con...
#Plasma immersion ion implantation #Plasma sheaths #Plasma density #Plasma materials processing #Voltage #Plasma sources #Plasma accelerators #Cathodes #Acceleration #Zinc oxide
Design features of parts and high-performance cutting tool with multi-layer plasma-ion coatings
- Trang 257-260
Research of the stressed state during transition from one layer to another in
dynamic and stationary conditions of a cutting tool and parts operation was
carried out. The combinations of layers working efficiently in conditions of the
dynamic, stationary and combined action of thermal stresses are selected for
several problems considered.
#Cutting tools #Coatings #Thermal stresses #Plasma temperature #Life testing #Robots #Steady-state #Physics #Materials testing #Steel
Combined opening switch (vacuum interrupter + PEOS) in power pulsers based on inductive energy storages
- Trang 610-613
The breaker based on vacuum interrupter (VI) and plasma erosion opening switch
(PEOS), combined in single construction in vacuum gap is offered for
consideration. This combination allows transfer of the energy from inductance
store to a load in 30-100 nsec for the storage time 0.5-1sec. and power /spl
sim/10/sup 12/ W and higher. The influence of microparticles appearing in gap
the breaker efficie...
#Switches #Elementary particle vacuum #Interrupters #Energy storage #Plasmas #Electrodes #Cathodes #Inductance #Insulation #Anodes
Model of the explosive-emission center ignition on a cathode surface
- Trang 158-161
The processes of origin of centers of explosive emission are considered at
operation of a cathode spot of a vacuum arc. It was supposed, that the origin of
centers is stipulated by absorption by a cathode surface of a variable
electromagnetic field energy. It was supposed also, that such field takes place
in a layer separating discharge plasma from the cathode. Some versions are
considered, when t...
#Ignition #Cathodes #Electromagnetic wave absorption #Explosives #Vacuum arcs #Surface discharges #Electromagnetic fields #Plasma properties #Plasma materials processing #Plasma waves
Physics of X-ray generation in high-voltage devices
- Trang 79
Summary form only given as follows. X-rays are widely used in medical
diagnostics as well as material sciences and engineering. Dedicated devices have
been developed for the generation of this useful radiation. Nevertheless lots of
other devices emit x-rays as an unwanted radiation, which has to be shielded to
avoid harmful danger to users or others. Especially every high voltage device is
a candi...
#Physics #Medical diagnostic imaging #Medical diagnosis #Biomedical engineering #Voltage #Electron tubes #Circuit breakers #Fault location #Dielectrics and electrical insulation