Who Takes the Floor and Why

Administrative Science Quarterly - Tập 56 Số 4 - Trang 622-641 - 2011
Victoria L. Brescoll1
1Yale University

Tóm tắt

Although past research has noted the importance of both power and gender for understanding volubility—the total amount of time spent talking—in organizations, to date, identifying the unique contributions of power and gender to volubility has been somewhat elusive. Using both naturalistic data sets and experiments, the present studies indicate that while power has a strong, positive effect on volubility for men, no such effect exists for women. Study 1 uses archival data to examine the relationship between the relative power of United States senators and their talking behavior on the Senate floor. Results indicate a strong positive relationship between power and volubility for male senators, but a non-significant relationship for female senators. Study 2 replicates this effect in an experimental setting by priming the concept of power and shows that though men primed with power talk more, women show no effect of power on volubility. Mediation analyses indicate that this difference is explained by women’s concern that being highly voluble will result in negative consequences (i.e., backlash). Study 3 shows that powerful women are in fact correct in assuming that they will incur backlash as a result of talking more than others—an effect that is observed among both male and female perceivers. Implications for the literatures on volubility, power, and previous studies of backlash are discussed.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1037/a0017094

10.1002/ejsp.324

10.1017/S0140525X09990951

Bales R. F. 1950 Interaction Process Analysis: A Method for the Study of Small Groups. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.

10.2307/2088276

Basow S. A. 1986 Gender Stereotypes: Traditions and Alternatives, 2d ed. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.

10.1016/j.obhdp.2006.09.001

Brescoll V., 2008, Psychological Science, 19, 268

Coates J. 1986 Women, Men and Language. London and New York: Longman.

Dabbs J. M.Jr., Dabbs M. G. 2000 Heroes, Rogues, and Lovers: Testosterone and Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Davis C. M., 2007, Congressional Research Service Report, 98

10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.580

Eagly A. H., Carli L. 2007 Through the Labyrinth: The Truth About How Women Become Leaders. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Eagly A. H., 1991, Psychological Bulletin, 60, 685

10.1037/0022-3514.46.4.735

10.1037/0033-2909.100.3.309

Eagly A. H., 2000, Stereotypes and Prejudice: Key Readings, 142

Edelsky C., 1993, Gender and Conversational Interaction, 189

10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02311.x

10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy002026

10.1037/0022-3514.85.3.453

10.1037/a0012633

10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01824.x

Gayle B. M., 1994, Differences that Make a Difference: Examining the Assumptions in Gender Research, 13

Gruenfeld D. H., 2010, Paper presented at the Society for Experimental and Social Psychology

10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.81

Helgelsen S. 1995 The Female Advantage: Women’s Ways of Leadership. New York: Doubleday.

Henley N. M. 1977 Body Politics: Power, Sex, and Nonverbal Communication. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

James D., 1993, Gender and Conversational Interaction, 281

10.1037/0033-295X.110.2.265

10.1016/0092-6566(88)90021-9

10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.305

10.1016/0092-6566(90)90017-Z

Locke J. L. 1998 The De-voicing of Society: Why We Don’t Talk to Each Other Anymore. New York: Simon & Schuster.

10.1016/S1090-5138(99)00003-3

Maltz D. N., 1982, Language and Social Identity, 196

10.1111/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00814.x

10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01561.x

10.1016/0022-1031(89)90005-X

10.1177/0261927X950144003

10.1177/0146167285113005

10.1177/0146167210371949

10.1037/0022-3514.81.4.549

10.1080/03637758909390246

10.1037/0022-3514.72.1.37

10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.629

10.1016/j.jesp.2011.10.008

Schmid Mast M., 2001, Sex Roles, 34, 547

10.1017/CBO9781139175043

10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.1993

10.1037/0022-3514.66.1.21

Tannen D., 1993, Gender and Conversational Interaction, 165

Thibaut J. W., Kelley H. H. 1959 The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: Wiley.

10.1111/j.1471-6402.1992.tb00263.x