Which animal models should be used in the search for new antiepileptic drugs? A proposal based on experimental and clinical considerations
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Albertson, 1980, Anticonvulsant drugs and their antagonism of kindled amygdaloid seizures in rats, Neuropharmacology, 19, 397, 10.1016/0028-3908(80)90038-6
Albright, 1980, Development of a new pharmacological seizure model: effects of anticonvulsants on cortical- and amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat, Epilepsia, 21, 681, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1980.tb04321.x
Aldinio, 1985, Experimental models of aging and quinolinic acid, Meth. Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol., 7, 563
Ashton, 1979, Behavioral analysis of the effects of 15 anticonvulsants in the amygdaloid kindled rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 65, 7, 10.1007/BF00491971
Ault, 1986, Efficacy of baclofen and phenobarbital against the kainic acid limbic seizure-brain damage syndrome, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 239, 612
Baltzer, 1977, Experimental anticonvulsive properties of GP 47 680 and of GP 47 779, its main human metabolite; compounds related to carbamazepine, 295
Bartoszyk, 1986, Gabapentin, 147
Boissier, 1960, Une nouvelle méthode simple pour explorer l'action ‘tranquillisante’: le test de la cheminée, Méd. Exp. (Basel), 3, 81, 10.1159/000134913
Buhles, 1986, Nafimidone, 203
Callaghan, 1980, Pharmacological modification of amygdaloid-kindled seizures, Neuropharmacology, 19, 1131, 10.1016/0028-3908(80)90113-6
Chambon, 1986, CM 40907 and SR 41378: two piperidino-pyridazine derivatives, 313
Chapman, 1984, Evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs in DBA/2 mice with sound-induced seizures, Arzneim.-Forsch., 34, 1261
Collins, 1972, Audiogenic seizures, 347
Commission on Classification and Terminology of the In- ternational League Against Epilepsy, 1981, Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures, Epilepsia, 22, 489, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1981.tb06159.x
Commission on Classification and Terminology of the In- ternational League Against Epilepsy, 1985, Proposal for classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes, Epilepsia, 26, 268, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1985.tb05417.x
Consroe, 1979, Audiogenic seizure susceptible rats, 38, 2411
Coughenor, 1977, A new device for the rapid measurement of impaired motor function in mice, Pharmacol., Biochem. Behav., 6, 351, 10.1016/0091-3057(77)90036-3
Craig, 1984, Evidence for a role of neurotransmitters in the mechanism of topical convulsant models, 43, 2525
Crain, 1972, Tissue culture models of epileptiform activity, 291
Crawford, 1969, A new mutant causing epileptic seizures in domestic fowls, Poultry Sci., 48, 1799
Crawford, 1986, A comparative study of progabide, valproate and placebo as add-on therapy in patients with refractory epilepsy, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 49, 1251, 10.1136/jnnp.49.11.1251
Croucher, 1982, Anticonvulsant action of excitatory amino acid antagonists, Science, 216, 899, 10.1126/science.7079744
Curtis, 1972, Microiontophoretic studies of single neurons, 249
Czuczwar, 1985, Phosphonic analogues of excitatory amino acids raise the threshold for maximal electroconvulsions in mice, Neurosci. Res., 3, 86, 10.1016/0168-0102(85)90041-0
Dam, 1982, GABA-agonists in the treatment of epilepsy, Acta Neurol. Scand., 65, 191
Dunham, 1957, A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in rats and mice, J. Am. Pharm. Ass., 46, 208, 10.1002/jps.3030460322
Edmonds, 1978, Anticonvulsant properties of rozipine in epileptic and nonepileptic beagle dogs, Epilepsia, 19, 139, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1978.tb05024.x
Engel, 1986, Potential relevance of kindling to human partial epilepsy, 3, 37
1960, Esquirol, 1815
Fariello, 1987, The THIP-induced model of bilateral synchronous spike and wave in rodents, Neuropharmacology, 26, 161, 10.1016/0028-3908(87)90204-8
Fariello, 1987, A double-blind, placebo controlled trial of progabide in epilepsy, Neurology, 37, 350
Fisher, 1984, The spontaneous seizure genotype sz in hamsters as a disease model of benzodiazepine receptor deficits, 10, 1065
Frey, 1985, Primidone, Vol. 74, 449
Frey, 1986, Experimental evidence for the development of tolerance to anticonvulsant drug effects, 7
Frey, 1983, Anticonvulsant potency of common antiepileptic drugs in the gerbil, Pharmacology, 27, 330, 10.1159/000137888
Fröscher, 1986, Development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of flunarizine and its side effects? Clinical, psychometric, EEG and biochemical approaches, 137
Gallagher, 1986, Eterobarb, 103
Gastaut, 1975, Relative frequency of different types of epilepsy: a study employing the classification of the International League Against Epilepsy, Epilepsia, 16, 457, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1975.tb06073.x
Gladding, 1985, Antiepileptic drug development program, Vol. 74, 341
Glaser, 1972, Experimental derangements of extracellular ionic environment, 317
Goddard, 1969, A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation, Exp. Neurol., 25, 295, 10.1016/0014-4886(69)90128-9
Goddard, 1986, Kindling and the forces that oppose it, 95
Godschalk, 1976, Antagonism of gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced hypersynchronization in the ECoG of the rat by anti-petit mal drugs, Neurosci. Lett., 3, 145, 10.1016/0304-3940(76)90084-7
Golden, 1984, Epileptogenic action of some direct GABA agonists: effects of manipulation of the GABA and glutamate systems, 237
Gram, 1986, Oxcarbazepine, 229
Green, 1962, Tottering — a neuromuscular mutation in the mouse, J. Hered., 53, 233, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a107180
Heller, 1983, Anticonvulsant sensitivity of absence seizures in the tottering mutant mouse, Epilepsia, 25, 25, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1983.tb04862.x
Hint, 1958, A simple intravenous infusion technique for mice, Acta Pharmacol. (Copenh.), 14, 153, 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1958.tb01152.x
Huot, 1973, Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of experimentally induced seizures, Vol. 1, 123
Janz, 1969
Janz, 1985, Epilepsy: seizures and syndromes, Vol. 74, 3
Johnson, 1984, Anticonvulsants in epileplic fowl, Arzneim.-Forsch., 12, 1753
Jones, 1985, Hydantoins, Vol. 74, 351
Joyal, 1984, Serum concentrations of phenytoin after oral administration in rats, Epilepsia, 25, 387, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb04204.x
Juul-Jensen, 1986, Epidemiology of intractable epilepsy, 5
Kampmann, 1963, Toleranz kleiner Laboratoriumstiere gegenüber intravenös injizierten Flüssigkeitsmengen und Einfluss des Injektionsvolumens auf einige Arzneimittelwirkungen, Med. Exp., 9, 137
Kaplan, 1975, What triggers seizures in the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus?, Life Sci., 17, 693, 10.1016/0024-3205(75)90523-8
Kesterson, 1984, The hepatotoxicity of valproic acid and its metabolites in rats. I. Toxicologie, biochemical and histopathologic studies, Hepatology, 4, 1143, 10.1002/hep.1840040609
Killam, 1979, Photomyoclonic seizures in the baboon, 38, 2429
Killam, 1966, Mise en évidence chez certains singes d'un syndrome photomyoclonique, C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 262, 1010
Kimball, 1957, Chemical protection against ionizing radiation. I. Sampling methods for screening compounds in radiation protection studies with mice, Radiat. Res., 7, 1, 10.2307/3570549
Kleinlogel, 1985, Spontaneous EEG paroxysms in the rat: effect of psychotropic and alpha-adrenergic agents, Neuropsychobiology, 13, 206, 10.1159/000118189
Koella, 1985, Animal experimental methods in the study of antiepileptic drugs, Vol. 74, 283
Krall, 1978, Antiepileptic drug development. II. Anticonvulsant drug screening, Epilepsia, 19, 409, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1978.tb04507.x
Krogsgaard-Larsen, 1984, Chemistry and pharmacology of the GABA agonists THIP (gahoxadol) and isoguvacine, Drugs Fut., 9, 598, 10.1358/dof.1984.009.08.803749
Lamb, 1985, Anticonvulsant profile of lamotrigine. a novel anticonvulsant, Br. J. Pharmacol. (Suppl.), 85, 235P
1960
Leppik, 1985, A double-blind crossover evaluation of progabide in partial seizures, Neurology, 35, 285
Lewin, 1972, The production of epileptogenic cortical foci in experimental animals by freezing, 37
Liebman, 1986, CGS 9896: a pyrazoloquinoline with partial benzodiazepine agonist properties, 297
Litchfield, 1949, A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 96, 99
Little, 1986, Optimizing the pentylenetetrazol infusion method for measuring seizure thresholds, Br. J. Pharmacol. (Suppl.), 88, 326P
Lloyd, 1986, Alterations of GABA-mediated synaptic transmission in human epilepsy, 1033
Löscher, 1982, Comparative assay of anticonvulsant and toxic potencies of sixteen GABA-mimetic drugs, Neuropharmacohgy, 21, 803, 10.1016/0028-3908(82)90068-5
Löscher, 1982, Anticonvulsant and biochemical effects of inhibitors of GABA aminotransferase and valproic acid during subchronic treatment in mice, Biochem. Pharmacol., 31, 837, 10.1016/0006-2952(82)90471-3
Löscher, 1984, Genetic animal models of epilepsy as a unique resource for the evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs. A review, Meth. Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol., 6, 531
Löscher, 1985, Valproic acid, Vol. 74, 507
Löscher, 1985, GABA-mimetics in animal models of seizure states, 109
Löscher, 1985, Anticonvulsant action in the epileptic gerbil of novel inhibitors of GABA uptake, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 110, 103, 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90034-2
Löscher, 1985, Anticonvulsant action of GABA agonists and prodrugs on minor and major seizures in epileptic gerbils. Comparison with mouse models of seizure states, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther., 276, 263
Löscher, 1985, Influence of pharmacological manipulation of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems on seizure behavior in the Mongolian gerbil, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 233, 204
Löscher, 1986, Experimental models for intractable epilepsy in nonprimate animal species, 25
Löscher, 1986, Development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of GABAmimetic drugs in genetically epilepsyprone gerbils, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 24, 1007, 10.1016/0091-3057(86)90449-1
Löscher, W., GABA and the epilepsies. Experimental and clinical considerations. In: N. Bowery (Ed.), GABA: from Basic Research to Clinical Applications. Pythagora Press, Rome, in press.
Löscher, 1978, Pharmacokinetics of valproate in dog and mouse, Arzneim.-Forsch., 28, 782
Löscher, 1984, Evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs in gerbils with reflex epilepsy, Arzneim.-Forsch., 34, 1484
Löscher, 1984, Evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs in genetic animal models of epilepsy, 43, 276
Löscher, 1985, Evaluation of different GABA receptor agonists in the kindled amygdala seizure model in rats, Exp. Neurol., 89, 454, 10.1016/0014-4886(85)90104-9
Löscher, 1985, Development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of diazepam in amygdalakindled rats, Exp. Neurol., 90, 373, 10.1016/0014-4886(85)90026-3
Löscher, 1986, AE mice: an inbred mouse strain with interesting features for epilepsy research, Epilepsia, 27, 657, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb03592.x
Löscher, 1983, High anticonvulsant potency of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)mimetic drugs in gerbils with genetically determined epilepsy, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 226, 839
Löscher, 1986, Is amygdalakindling in rats a model for drug-resistant partial epilepsy?, Exp. Neurol., 93, 211, 10.1016/0014-4886(86)90160-3
Löscher, 1984, Comparative evaluation of anticonvulsant and toxic potencies of valproic acid and 2-en-valproic acid in different animal models of epilepsy, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 99, 211, 10.1016/0014-2999(84)90243-7
Löscher, 1985, Evaluation of differentβ-carbolines in Mongolian gerbils with reflex epilepsy, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 114, 261, 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90368-1
Löscher, 1985, Evaluation of epileptic dogs as an animal model of human epilepsy, Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 82
Loiseau, 1984, Efficacité du valproate de sodium dans les epilepsies partielles. Etude croisée valproate-carbamazépine, Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 140, 434
Loskota, 1975, The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) as a model for the study of the epilepsies: EEG records of seizures, Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol., 38, 597, 10.1016/0013-4694(75)90160-1
Loskota, 1974, The gerbil as a model for the study of the epilepsies, Epitepsia, 15, 109, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1974.tb04000.x
Lux, 1980, Ionic conditions and membrane behaviour, 63
MacDonald, 1986, Anticonvulsant drugs: mechanisms of action, 713
Marescaux, 1985, Diazepam antagonizes GABAmimetics in rats with spontaneous petit mal-like epilepsy, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 113, 19, 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90338-3
Marsan, 1972, Focal electrical stimulation, 147
McNamara, 1984, Kindling: an animal model of complex partial epilepsy, Ann. Neurol. (Suppl.), 16, S72, 10.1002/ana.410160712
McIlwain, 1972, Electrical stimulation of specified subsystems of the mammalian brain, as isolated tissue preparations, 269
McIntyre, 1986, Kindling mechanisms: current progress on an experimental epilepsy model, Prog. Neurobiol., 27, 1, 10.1016/0301-0082(86)90010-9
Meldrum, 1979, Convulsant drugs, anticonvulsants and GABA-mediated neuronal inhibition, 390
Meldrum, 1980, Mechanism of action of valproate, Brain Res. Bull., 5, 579, 10.1016/0361-9230(80)90094-5
Meldrum, 1985, GABA and other amino acids, Vol. 74, 153
Meldrum, 1986, Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of epilepsy, 17
Meldrum, 1986, Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy, Epilepsia, 27, S3, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05731.x
1986
Meldrum, 1986, ZK 91296 and ZK 93423: β-carbolines with partial or full agonist activity at benzodiazepine receptors, 303
Meldrum, 1980, Epileptogenic and anticonvulsant effects of GABA agonists and GABA uptake inhibitors, Brain Res. Bull., 5, 685, 10.1016/0361-9230(80)90113-6
Micheletti, 1985, Effects of GABAmimetics and GABA antagonists on spontaneous nonconvulsive seizures in Wistar rats, 129
Micheletti, 1985, Antiepileptic drug evaluation in a new animal model: spontaneous petit mal epilepsy in the rat, Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 483
Miller, 1986, Lamotrigine, 165
Møller, 1986, Antiepileptic effect of the β-carbolines: preliminary single-dose studies of ZK 95962 in photosensitive epileptic patients
Morselli, 1986, Progabide, 237
Myslobodsky, 1984, Petit mal epilepsy: too little or too much GABA?, 337
Myslobodsky, 1979, Effects of γ-acetylenic GABA and γ-vinyl GABA on metrazol-activated, and kindled seizures, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 11, 265, 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90133-3
Naquet, 1972, Photogenic seizures in baboon, 373
Nau, 1984, Valproic acid and metabolites: pharmacological and toxicological studies, Epilepsia, 25, S14, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb05632.x
Noebels, 1979, Analysis of inherited epilepsy using single locus mutations in mice, 38, 2405
Noebels, 1979, Inherited epilepsy: spike-wave and focal motor seizures in the mutant mouse tottering, Science, 204, 1334, 10.1126/science.572084
Olsen, 1981, The GABA postsynaptic membrane receptor-ionophore complex. Site of action of convulsant and anticonvulsant drugs, Mol. Cell. Biochem., 39, 261, 10.1007/BF00232579
Perhach, 1986, Felbamate, 117
Petersen, 1983, DMCM: a potent convulsive benzodiazepine receptor ligand, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 94, 117, 10.1016/0014-2999(83)90448-X
Petersen, 1987, Chronic treatment with lorazepam and FG 7142 may change the effects of benzodiazepine receptor agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists by different mechanisms, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 133, 309, 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90027-6
Peterson, 1982, Neurotransmitter and neuromodulator function in the kindled seizure and state, Prog. Neurobiol., 19, 237, 10.1016/0301-0082(82)90008-9
Pinel, 1978, Electrode placement and kindling-induced experimental epilepsy, Exp. Neurol., 58, 335, 10.1016/0014-4886(78)90145-0
Piredda, 1985, Effect of stimulus intensity on the profile of anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin, ethosuximide and valproate, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 232, 741
Prince, 1972, Topical convulsant drugs and metabolic antagonists, 51
Prince, 1969, Centroencephalic spike and wave discharges following parenteral penicillin injection in the cat, Neurology, 19, 309
1972
Putnam, 1937, Experimental determination of the anticonvulsant properties of some phenyl derivatives, Science, 85, 525, 10.1126/science.85.2213.525
Racine, 1972, Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure, Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol., 32, 281, 10.1016/0013-4694(72)90177-0
Roba, 1986, Milacemide, 179
Schechter, 1986, Vigabatrin, 265
Schmidt, 1984
Schmidt, 1985, Adverse effects, Vol. 74, 791
Schmidt, 1986, Diagnostic and therapeutic management of intractable epilepsy, 237
1986
Schmidt, 1986, Progabide for refractory partial epilepsy: a controlled add-on trial, Neurology, 36, 217, 10.1212/WNL.36.2.217
Schmidt, 1986, The influence of seizure type on the efficacy of plasma concentrations of phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine, Arch. Neurol., 43, 263, 10.1001/archneur.1986.00520030053013
Schmidt, 1986, Clinical development of benzodiazepines and other antiepileptic drugs for intractable epilepsy, 219
Schmidt, 1986, Clobazam for refractory focal epilepsy. A controlled trial, Arch. Neurol., 43, 824, 10.1001/archneur.1986.00520080064023
Schmidt, 1986, Tolerance to the antiepileptic effect of clobazam, 109
Schwark, 1987, Prophylaxis of amygdala kindling-induced epileptogenesis: comparison of a GABA uptake inhibitor and diazepam, Epilepsy Res., 1, 63, 10.1016/0920-1211(87)90052-0
Schwark, 1985, Comparison of the anticonvulsant effects of two novel GABA uptake inhibitors and diazepam in amygdaloid kindled rats, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 329, 367, 10.1007/BF00496369
Seaman, 1986, Flupirtine
Seyfried, 1979, Audiogenic seizures in mice, 38, 2399
Seyfried, 1985, A review of mouse mutants as genetic models of epilepsy, Epilepsia, 26, 143, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1985.tb05398.x
Shenoy, 1982, Comparative anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity of clobazam, diazepam, phenobarbital, and valproate in mice and rats, Epilepsia, 23, 399, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1982.tb05426.x
Shibuya, 1987, Differential effect of ethosuximide and of electrical stimulation on inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms, Epilepsy Res., 1, 35, 10.1016/0920-1211(87)90048-9
Sidman, 1965
Snead, 1984, Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, gammaaminobutyric acid, and petit mal epilepsy, 11, 37
Snead, 1987, γ-Hydroxybutyric acid in subcellular fractions of rat brain, J. Neurochem., 48, 196, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb13147.x
Stephens, 1984, β-Carbolines with agonistic and inverse agonistic properties at benzodiazepine receptors of the rat, Neurosci. Lett., 47, 333, 10.1016/0304-3940(84)90535-4
Stone, 1972, Systemic chemical convulsants and metabolic derangements, 407
Stumpf, 1962, Experimentelle Erzeugung von Krampfen, Vol. 16, 8
Suzuki, 1978, Sensory precipitating epilepsy focus in El mice and Mongolian gerbils, Folia Psychiat. Neurol. Jpn., 32, 349
Swinyard, 1949, Laboratory assay of clinically effective antiepileptic drugs, J. Am. Pharm. Ass., 38, 201, 10.1002/jps.3030380409
Swinyard, 1972, Electrically induced convulsions, 433
Swinyard, 1973, Assay of antiepileptic drug activity in experimental animals: standard tests, Vol. 1, 47
Swinyard, 1982, Experimental detection, quantification, and evaluation of anticonvulsants, 111
Swinyard, 1952, Comparative assays of antiepileptic drugs in mice and rats, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 106, 319
Taylor, 1985, Seizure control following administration of anticonvulsant drugs in the quaking mouse, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 118, 163, 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90675-2
Taylor, 1986, Zonisamide, 277
Testa, 1986, Denzimol, 85
Thiessen, 1968, Spontaneous seizures in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), Psychon. Sci., 11, 227, 10.3758/BF03327673
Trimble, 1986, Clobazam, 65
Troupin, 1986, MK-801, 191
Turnbull, 1982, A comparison of phenytoin and valproate in previously untreated adult epileptic patients, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 45, 55, 10.1136/jnnp.45.1.55
Turski, 1983, Cholinomimetics produce seizures and brain damage in rats, Experientia (Basel), 39, 1408, 10.1007/BF01990130
Van den Bussche, 1986, Flunarizine, 125
Van Dorsser, 1983, Anticonvulsant activity of milacemide, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther., 266, 239
Van Luijtelaar, 1986, Two types of electrocortical paroxysms in an inbred strain of rats, Neurosci. Lett., 70, 393, 10.1016/0304-3940(86)90586-0
Van Woert, 1981, Role of brain serotonin in myoclonus, 239
Vergnes, 1982, Spontaneous paroxysmal electroclinical patterns in the rat: a model of generalized non-convulsive epilepsy, Neurosci. Lett., 33, 97, 10.1016/0304-3940(82)90136-7
Vezzani, 1986, Anticonvulsant drugs effective against human temporal lobe epilepsy prevent seizures but not neurotoxicity induced in rats by quinolinic acid: electroencephalographic, behavioral and histological assessments, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 239, 256
Vincent, 1986, Stiripentol, 255
1976
1981
1986
Ward, 1972, Topical convulsant metals, 13
Willmore, 1978, Chronic focal epileptiform discharges induced by the injection of iron into rat and cat cortex, Science, 200, 1501, 10.1126/science.96527
Wong, 1986, The anticonvulsant MK-801 is a potent N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist, 83, 7104
Woodbury, 1972, Applications to drug evaluations, 557
Yoon, l976, Spontaneous seizures: a new mutation in Syrian golden hamsters, J. Hered., 67, 115, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a108676
Yunger, 1984, Novel inhibitors of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake: anticonvulsant actions in rats and mice, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 228, 109