Weight and Gender in Service Jobs

Cornell Hospitality Quarterly - Tập 57 Số 3 - Trang 314-328 - 2016
Nicholas A. Smith1, Larry R. Martinez1, Isaac E. Sabat2
1The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
2George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA

Tóm tắt

The average weight of employees in the United States workforce is increasing. Importantly, relatively heavier employees are often subject to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination based solely on their weight. These biases may be further influenced by factors such as employee gender and the specific nature of the job. Thus, we employ the stereotype content model (SCM) to examine the multiplicative effects of weight and gender and argue that perceptions of employee warmth are more salient than perceptions of employee competence in customer service contexts. In support of our hypotheses, we found that weight and gender interacted to influence warmth, such that heavy women were perceived to be higher in warmth relative to less heavy women (with no effect for men). Furthermore, perceptions of warmth predicted service satisfaction, whereas perceptions of competence did not. Finally, perceptions of warmth (but not competence) explained the relations between weight and gender and service satisfaction for female (but not male) customer service agents. We end with a discussion of the theoretical implications related to the SCM along with practical implications for service industry organizations and employees.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1037/0735-7028.22.3.223

10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01502003.x

10.1287/mksc.12.2.125

10.5465/amj.2006.23478695

10.1002/hec.881

Bellizzi Joseph A., 2001, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 21, 189

10.2466/pms.1989.69.2.419

Berger Joseph, 1966, Sociological theories in progress, 1, 47

10.2307/2093465

10.1093/pan/mpr057

10.1177/009207039502300402

10.1016/B978-0-12-394286-9.00001-9

10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.485

10.1177/0146167202281006

10.2307/4134400

10.1207/s15327043hup1002_3

10.1509/jmkg.65.3.34.18334

10.4135/9781849200417.n5

10.1177/1745691610393980

10.1177/074391569501400106

10.1207/s15327957pspr0101_2

10.1016/j.jvb.2011.12.002

10.1037/a0014564

10.1177/1948550613506123

10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00028-2

10.7551/mitpress/1157.003.0004

10.1111/j.0022-4537.2004.00381.x

10.1037/0022-3514.92.4.631

10.1348/014466608X314935

10.1016/j.riob.2011.10.004

10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5

Eagly Alice H., 1987, Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation

10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573

10.1037/0033-2909.111.1.3

10.1023/A:1021020920715

Fallon April, 1990, Body images: Development, deviance, and change, 80

10.1362/026725701323366944

10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.017

10.1007/s11199-011-0022-5

Fiske Susan T., 2006, Social comparison and social psychology: Understanding cognition, intergroup relations, and culture, 249

10.1016/j.tics.2006.11.005

10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878

10.1086/374693

10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.21

10.1080/00036840010027568

Frey Holly C., 2015, Widener Law Review, 21, 95

Grant Malcom J., 2002, Current Research in Social Psychology, 8, 19

10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.10.004

Griffin Alexandra W., 2007, Cardozo Journal of Law & Gender, 13, 631

10.1108/09564230410552059

10.1386/hosp.3.2.111_1

10.1177/002224299606000406

10.1509/jmkg.64.2.35.18001

10.3758/s13428-015-0578-z

Hayes Andrew F., 2013, Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach

10.1080/00273171.2014.962683

10.1177/0146167202238369

10.1038/oby.2008.458

10.1177/0956797613501522

Hertz Robin P., 2004, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 46, 1196

Hess Amanda. 2013. How sexy should a worker be? The plight of the babe in the American workplace. Slate, July 29. http://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2013/07/29/borgata_babes_lawsuit_new_legal_cases_assess_discrimination_based_on_sex.html (accessed December 10, 2015).

10.1177/1094428107300396

10.1017/iop.2015.22

10.1177/001088040004100313

10.1177/0092070398262003

Jackson Linda A., 1992, Physical appearance and gender: Sociobiological and sociocultural perspectives

10.5465/amj.2013.0721

10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.136

10.1002/bs.3830090206

10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.10.022

10.1037/0021-9010.91.3.579

Klassen Michael L. 1987. The cognitive basis of social judgment: The role of stereotypical beliefs in the processing of information about obese and thin people (Unpublished doctoral diss. Kansas State University, Manhattan).

10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.03.002

10.1038/ijo.2008.53

10.1038/oby.2003.61

10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00803.x

10.1037/apl0000036

10.1037/a0028085

10.3758/BF03206543

10.1080/1363908032000070684

10.1001/jama.2014.732

Oh Haemoon, 1997, Hospitality Research Journal, 20, 35

10.1002/ejsp.70

10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb01408.x

10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.909

10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879

10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02655.x

10.1080/00273170701341316

10.1038/ijo.2008.22

10.1038/oby.2001.108

10.1037/0021-9010.84.5.754

10.1111/0022-4537.00233

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199755776.001.0001

10.1111/j.1744-6570.1999.tb00186.x

10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00993.x

10.1016/j.jvb.2007.04.008

10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00355.x

10.1016/j.jvb.2008.09.008

Ruscher Janet B., 2001, Prejudiced communication: A social psychological perspective

10.1016/j.ijhm.2007.11.001

Sanburn Josh. 2013. Too big to cocktail? Judge upholds weight discrimination in the workplace. Time, July 26. http://nation.time.com/2013/07/26/too-big-to-cocktail-judge-upholds-weight-discrimination-in-the-workplace/ (accessed December 10, 2015).

10.1123/jsm.21.2.172

10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422

10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.260

10.1037/0022-3514.62.2.207

10.2307/146404

10.1108/08876040110392506

Stempel Jonathan. 2010. Hooters sued by ex-worker for weight bias. Reuters, May 24. http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/05/24/us-hooters-bias-lawsuit-us-idUSTRE64N5RQ20100524 (accessed December 10, 2015).

10.1108/09564231011050797

10.1007/BF00288018

10.1111/jasp.12052

10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.635

10.4324/9781410615749

10.1016/S0022-4359(97)90022-1

10.1027/1016-9040.10.1.60

10.1080/10463280500229619

10.1002/ejsp.549

10.1177/01461672982412001

Wood Sam. 2008. Two “Borgata babes” settle their discrimination suit they claimed they were fired by the Casino after gaining weight. Neither side discussed terms. Philly.com, August 1. http://articles.philly.com/2008-08-01/news/25257333_1_borgata-babes-borgata-hotel-casino-discrimination-suit (accessed December 10, 2015).

10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740038

10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740064

Zeithalm Valerie, 2012, Services marketing, 6

10.1086/651257

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Cornell Hospitality Quarterly

Tập 57 Số 3

314-328

Thông tin tác giả