Visual binding abilities in the initial and advanced stages of schizophrenia

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - Tập 103 Số 3 - Trang 171-180 - 2001
Josef Parnas1,2, Pascal Vianin3, Ditte Sæbye2, Lennart Jansson1, Anna-Marie Larsen1, Pascal Bovet4
1Copenhagen University Department of Psychiatry, Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark,
2Institute of Preventive Medicine, Kommunehospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark and
3Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, University of Geneva, Switzerland
4University Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Lausanne, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

Objective: The study tests the hypothesis that intramodal visual binding is disturbed in schizophrenia and should be detectable in all illness stages as a stable trait marker. Method: Three groups of patients (rehospitalized chronic schizophrenic, first admitted schizophrenic and schizotypal patients believed to be suffering from a pre‐schizophrenic prodrome) and a group of normal control subjects were tested on three tasks targeting visual ‘binding’ abilities (Müller‐Lyer's illusion and two figure detection tasks) in addition to control parameters such as reaction time, visual selective attention, Raven's test and two conventional cortical tasks of spatial working memory (SWM) and a global–local test. Results: Chronic patients had a decreased performance on the binding tests. Unexpectedly, the prodromal group exhibited an enhanced Gestalt extraction on these tests compared both to schizophrenic patients and to healthy subjects. Furthermore, chronic schizophrenia was associated with a poor performance on cortical tests of SWM, global–local and on Raven. This association appears to be mediated by or linked to the chronicity of the illness. Conclusion: The study confirms a variety of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia which, however, in this sample seem to be linked to chronicity of illness. However, certain aspects of visual processing concerned with Gestalt extraction deserve attention as potential vulnerability‐ or prodrome‐ indicators. The initial hypothesis of the study is rejected.

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Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Tập 103 Số 3

171-180

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