Variation of Absorption Ångström Exponent in Aerosols From Different Emission Sources

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres - Tập 126 Số 10 - 2021
Aku Helin1, Aki Virkkula1, John Backman1, Liisa Pirjola2,3, Olli Sippula4,5, Päivi Aakko-Saksa6, Sampsa Väätäinen5, Fanni Mylläri7, Anssi Järvinen7, Matthew Bloss1, Minna Aurela1, Gert Jakobi8,9, Panu Karjalainen7, Ralf Zimmermann10,8,9, Jorma Jokiniemi5, Sanna Saarikoski1, Jarkko Tissari5, Topi Rönkkö7, Jarkko V. Niemi11, Hilkka Timonen1
1Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
2Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
3Department of Technology, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
4Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
5Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
6VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
7Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Tampere University, Finland
8Helmholtz Virtual Institute for Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
9Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group “Comprehensive Molecular Analytics”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
10Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
11Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority, Helsinki, Finland

Tóm tắt

Abstract

The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) describes the spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols. AAE is typically used to differentiate between different aerosol types for example., black carbon, brown carbon, and dust particles. In this study, the variation of AAE was investigated mainly in fresh aerosol emissions from different fuel and combustion types, including emissions from ships, buses, coal‐fired power plants, and residential wood burning. The results were assembled to provide a compendium of AAE values from different emission sources. A dual‐spot aethalometer (AE33) was used in all measurements to obtain the light absorption coefficients at seven wavelengths (370–950 nm). AAE470/950 varied greatly between the different emission sources, ranging from −0.2 ± 0.7 to 3.0 ± 0.8. The correlation between the AAE470/950 and AAE370‐950 results was good (R2 = 0.95) and the mean bias error between these was 0.02. In the ship engine exhaust emissions, the highest AAE470/950 values (up to 2.0 ± 0.1) were observed when high sulfur content heavy fuel oil was used, whereas low sulfur content fuels had the lowest AAE470/950 (0.9–1.1). In the diesel bus exhaust emissions, AAE470/950 increased in the order of acceleration (0.8 ± 0.1), deceleration (1.1 ± 0.1), and steady driving (1.2 ± 0.1). In the coal‐fired power plant emissions, the variation of AAE470/950 was substantial (from −0.1 ± 2.1 to 0.9 ± 1.6) due to the differences in the fuels and flue gas cleaning conditions. Fresh wood‐burning derived aerosols had AAE470/950 from 1.1 ± 0.1 (modern masonry heater) to 1.4 ± 0.1 (pellet boiler), lower than typically associated with wood burning, while the burn cycle phase affected AAE variation.

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Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres

Tập 126 Số 10

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