Vaccination before or after SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to robust humoral response and antibodies that effectively neutralize variants

Science immunology - Tập 7 Số 68 - 2022
Timothy A. Bates1, Savannah K. McBride1, Hans C. Leier1, Gaelen Guzman1, Zoë L. Lyski1, Devin Schoen2, Bradie Winders2, Joon‐Yong Lee3, David Xthona Lee1, William B. Messer1,2,4, Marcel E. Curlin2, Fikadu Tafesse1
1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
2Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
3Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
4OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

Tóm tắt

Current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines effectively reduce overall morbidity and mortality and are vitally important to controlling the pandemic. Individuals who previously recovered from COVID-19 have enhanced immune responses after vaccination (hybrid immunity) compared with their naïve-vaccinated peers; however, the effects of post-vaccination breakthrough infections on humoral immune response remain to be determined. Here, we measure neutralizing antibody responses from 104 vaccinated individuals, including those with breakthrough infections, hybrid immunity, and no infection history. We find that human immune sera after breakthrough infection and vaccination after natural infection broadly neutralize SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2) variants to a similar degree. Although age negatively correlates with antibody response after vaccination alone, no correlation with age was found in breakthrough or hybrid immune groups. Together, our data suggest that the additional antigen exposure from natural infection substantially boosts the quantity, quality, and breadth of humoral immune response regardless of whether it occurs before or after vaccination.

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Science immunology

Tập 7 Số 68

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