Unofficial Road Building in the Amazon: Socioeconomic and Biophysical Explanations

Development and Change - Tập 38 Số 3 - Trang 529-551 - 2007
Stephen G. Perz1, Marcellus M. Caldas2, Eugênio Arima3, Robert J. Walker4
1University of Florida
2Kansas State University
3William Smith Colleges
4Michigan State University

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTRoads have manifold social and environmental impacts, including regional development, social conflicts and habitat fragmentation. ‘Road ecology’ has emerged as an approach to evaluate the various ecological and hydrological impacts of roads. This article aims to complement road ecology by examining the socio‐spatial processes of road building itself. Focusing on the Brazilian Amazon, a heavily‐studied context due to forest fragmentation by roads, the authors consider non‐state social actors who build ‘unofficial roads’ for the purpose of gaining access to natural resources to support livelihoods and community development. They examine four case studies of roads with distinct histories in order to explain the socio‐spatial processes behind road building in terms of profit maximization, land tenure claims, co‐operative and conflictive political ecologies, and constraints as well as opportunities afforded by the biophysical environment. The study cases illustrate the need for a multi‐pronged theoretical approach to understanding road building, and call for more attention to the role of non‐state actors in road construction.

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Development and Change

Tập 38 Số 3

529-551

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