Ultrasensitive terahertz sensing with high-Q Fano resonances in metasurfaces

Applied Physics Letters - Tập 105 Số 17 - 2014
Ranjan Singh1,2, Wei Cao3, Ibraheem Al‐Naib4, Longqing Cong1,2, Withawat Withayachumnankul5, Weili Zhang3
1Nanyang Technological University 1 Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, , Singapore 637371
2Nanyang Technological University 2 Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, , Singapore 637371
3Oklahoma State University 3 School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, , Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
4Queen's University 4 Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
5The University of Adelaide 5 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

Tóm tắt

High quality factor resonances are extremely promising for designing ultra-sensitive refractive index label-free sensors, since it allows intense interaction between electromagnetic waves and the analyte material. Metamaterial and plasmonic sensing have recently attracted a lot of attention due to subwavelength confinement of electromagnetic fields in the resonant structures. However, the excitation of high quality factor resonances in these systems has been a challenge. We excite an order of magnitude higher quality factor resonances in planar terahertz metamaterials that we exploit for ultrasensitive sensing. The low-loss quadrupole and Fano resonances with extremely narrow linewidths enable us to measure the minute spectral shift caused due to the smallest change in the refractive index of the surrounding media. We achieve sensitivity levels of 7.75 × 103 nm/refractive index unit (RIU) with quadrupole and 5.7 × 104 nm/RIU with the Fano resonances which could be further enhanced by using thinner substrates. These findings would facilitate the design of ultrasensitive real time chemical and biomolecular sensors in the fingerprint region of the terahertz regime.

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Applied Physics Letters

Tập 105 Số 17

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