Ultra-processed foods: what they are and how to identify them

Public Health Nutrition - Tập 22 Số 5 - Trang 936-941 - 2019
Carlos Augusto Monteiro1,2, Geoffrey Cannon1, Renata Bertazzi Levy1,3, Jean‐Claude Moubarac4, Maria Laura da Costa Louzada1, Fernanda Rauber1, Neha Khandpur1, Gustavo Cediel1, Daniela Neri1, Eurídice Martinez Steele1, Larissa Galastri Baraldi1, Patrícia Constante Jaime1,2
1Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil:
2Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
3Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
4Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe present commentary contains a clear and simple guide designed to identify ultra-processed foods. It responds to the growing interest in ultra-processed foods among policy makers, academic researchers, health professionals, journalists and consumers concerned to devise policies, investigate dietary patterns, advise people, prepare media coverage, and when buying food and checking labels in shops or at home. Ultra-processed foods are defined within the NOVA classification system, which groups foods according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing. Processes enabling the manufacture of ultra-processed foods include the fractioning of whole foods into substances, chemical modifications of these substances, assembly of unmodified and modified food substances, frequent use of cosmetic additives and sophisticated packaging. Processes and ingredients used to manufacture ultra-processed foods are designed to create highly profitable (low-cost ingredients, long shelf-life, emphatic branding), convenient (ready-to-consume), hyper-palatable products liable to displace all other NOVA food groups, notably unprocessed or minimally processed foods. A practical way to identify an ultra-processed product is to check to see if its list of ingredients contains at least one item characteristic of the NOVA ultra-processed food group, which is to say, either food substances never or rarely used in kitchens (such as high-fructose corn syrup, hydrogenated or interesterified oils, and hydrolysed proteins), or classes of additives designed to make the final product palatable or more appealing (such as flavours, flavour enhancers, colours, emulsifiers, emulsifying salts, sweeteners, thickeners, and anti-foaming, bulking, carbonating, foaming, gelling and glazing agents).

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Public Health Nutrition

Tập 22 Số 5

936-941

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