Two Distinct Epidemics: The Rise of HIV-1 and Decline of HIV-2 Infection Between 1990 and 2007 in Rural Guinea-Bissau

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) - Tập 53 Số 5 - Trang 640-647 - 2010
Carla van Tienen1, Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff, Syed M. A. Zaman, Tim Vincent, Ramu Sarge‐Njie, Ingrid Peterson, Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Assan Jaye, Sarah Rowland‐Jones, Peter Aaby, Hilton Whittle
1Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Guyader, 1987, Genome organization and transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2., Nature, 326, 662, 10.1038/326662a0

Schim van der Loeff, 1999, Towards a better understanding of the epidemiology of HIV-2., AIDS, 13, S69

Kanki, 1994, Slower heterosexual spread of HIV-2 than HIV-1., Lancet, 343, 943, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90065-5

ODonovan, 2000, Maternal plasma viral RNA levels determine marked differences in mother-to-child transmission rates of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in The Gambia. MRC/Gambia Government/University College London Medical School working group on mother-child transmission of HIV., AIDS, 14, 441, 10.1097/00002030-200003100-00019

Marlink, 1994, Reduced rate of disease development after HIV-2 infection as compared to HIV-1., Science, 265, 1587, 10.1126/science.7915856

Ariyoshi, 2000, Plasma RNA viral load predicts the rate of CD4 T cell decline and death in HIV-2-infected patients in West Africa., AIDS, 14, 339, 10.1097/00002030-200003100-00006

Whittle, 1992, Clinical and laboratory predictors of survival in Gambian patients with symptomatic HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection., AIDS, 6, 685, 10.1097/00002030-199207000-00011

Martinez-Steele, 2007, Is HIV-2- induced AIDS different from HIV-1-associated AIDS? Data from a West African clinic., AIDS, 21, 317, 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328011d7ab

Berry, 1998, Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection., J Hum Virol, 1, 457

Berry, 2002, Low level viremia and high CD4% predict normal survival in a cohort of HIV type-2-infected villagers., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 18, 1167, 10.1089/08892220260387904

Alabi, 2003, Plasma viral load, CD4 cell percentage, HLA and survival of HIV-1, HIV-2, and dually infected Gambian patients., AIDS, 17, 1513, 10.1097/00002030-200307040-00012

Kestens, 1992, Immunological comparison of HIV-1-, HIV-2- and dually-reactive women delivering in Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., AIDS, 6, 803, 10.1097/00002030-199208000-00006

Schim van der Loeff, 2002, Mortality of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dually infected patients in a clinic-based cohort in The Gambia., AIDS, 16, 1775, 10.1097/00002030-200209060-00010

Travers, 1995, Natural protection against HIV-1 infection provided by HIV-2., Science, 268, 1612, 10.1126/science.7539936

Norrgren, 1999, Trends and interaction of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Guinea-Bissau, west Africa: no protection of HIV-2 against HIV-1 infection., AIDS, 13, 701, 10.1097/00002030-199904160-00011

Schim van der Loeff, 2001, HIV-2 does not protect against HIV-1 infection in a rural community in Guinea-Bissau., AIDS, 15, 2303, 10.1097/00002030-200111230-00012

Wiktor, 1999, Lack of protection against HIV-1 infection among women with HIV-2 infection., AIDS, 13, 695, 10.1097/00002030-199904160-00010

Aaby, 1997, Does HIV-2 protect against HIV-1 infection?, AIDS, 11, 939

Ariyoshi, 1997, Does HIV-2 infection provide cross-protection against HIV-1 infection?, AIDS, 11, 1053

Poulsen, 1989, Prevalence of and mortality from human immunodeficiency virus type 2 in Bissau, West Africa., Lancet, 1, 827, 10.1016/S0140-6736(89)92281-2

Wilkins, 1993, The epidemiology of HIV infection in a rural area of Guinea-Bissau., AIDS, 7, 1119, 10.1097/00002030-199308000-00015

da Silva, 2008, Changes in prevalence and incidence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and dual infections in urban areas of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: is HIV-2 disappearing?, AIDS, 22, 1195, 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328300a33d

Mansson, 2007, Trends of HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence among pregnant women in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: possible effect of the civil war 1998 1999., Sex Transm Infect, 83, 463, 10.1136/sti.2007.025353

Aaby, 1996, Age of wife as a major determinant of male-to-female transmission of HIV-2 infection: a community study from rural West Africa., AIDS, 10, 1585, 10.1097/00002030-199611000-00019

Ariyoshi, 1996, A community-based study of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 provirus load in rural village in West Africa., J Infect Dis, 173, 245, 10.1093/infdis/173.1.245

De Cock, 1993, Epidemiology and transmission of HIV-2. Why there is no HIV-2 pandemic., JAMA, 270, 2083, 10.1001/jama.1993.03510170073033

Djomand, 1995, The epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Abidjan, Cote dIvoire: a review of data collected by Projet RETRO-CI from 1987 to 1993., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol, 10, 358

Larsen, 1998, Declining HIV-2 prevalence and incidence among men in a community study from Guinea-Bissau., AIDS, 12, 1707, 10.1097/00002030-199813000-00020

Schim van der Loeff, 2003, Regional differences in HIV trends in The Gambia: results from sentinel surveillance among pregnant women., AIDS, 17, 1841, 10.1097/00002030-200308150-00014

Wilkins, 1991, Trends in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection in The Gambia., AIDS, 5, 1529, 10.1097/00002030-199112000-00018

Schim van der Loeff, 2006, Sixteen years of HIV surveillance in a West African research clinic reveals divergent epidemic trends of HIV-1 and HIV-2., Int J Epidemiol, 35, 1322, 10.1093/ije/dyl037

Boerma, 2003, Estimates of HIV-1 prevalence from national population-based surveys as a new gold standard., Lancet, 362, 1929, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14967-7

Buve, 2002, The spread and effect of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa., Lancet, 359, 2011, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08823-2

Diop, 2000, Incidence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in a rural community in southern Senegal., AIDS, 14, 1671, 10.1097/00002030-200007280-00031

Wawer, 1997, Trends in HIV-1 prevalence may not reflect trends in incidence in mature epidemics: data from the Rakai population-based cohort, Uganda., AIDS, 11, 1023, 10.1097/00002030-199708000-00011

Mbulaiteye, 2002, Declining HIV-1 incidence and associated prevalence over 10 years in a rural population in south-west Uganda: a cohort study., Lancet, 360, 41, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09331-5

Shafer, 2008, HIV prevalence and incidence are no longer falling in southwest Uganda: evidence from a rural population cohort 1989-2005., AIDS, 22, 1641, 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830a7502

Mekonnen, 2005, Prevalence and incidence of, and risk factors for, HIV-1 infection among factory workers in Ethiopia, 1997-2001., J Health Popul Nutr, 23, 358

Kwesigabo, 2005, HIV-1 infection prevalence and incidence trends in areas of contrasting levels of infection in the Kagera region, Tanzania, 1987-2000., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 40, 585, 10.1097/01.qai.0000168183.22147.c4

Holmgren, 1999, Increased prevalence of retrovirus infections among older women in Africa., Scand J Infect Dis, 31, 459, 10.1080/00365549950163978

Morgan, 2001, The natural history of HIV-1 infection in Africa., Nat Med, 7, 143, 10.1038/84564

Lagarde, 2003, Mobility and the spread of human immunodeficiency virus into rural areas of West Africa., Int J Epidemiol, 32, 744, 10.1093/ije/dyg111