Tryptophan-Derived Metabolites Are Required for Antifungal Defense in the Arabidopsis <i>mlo2</i> Mutant

Oxford University Press (OUP) - Tập 152 Số 3 - Trang 1544-1561 - 2010
Chiara Consonni1, Paweł Bednarek1, Matt Humphry1, Fedra Francocci1, Simone Ferrari1, Anne Harzen1, Emiel Ver Loren van Themaat1, Ralph Panstruga1
1Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions (C.C., P.B., M.H., E.V.L.v.T., R.P.) and Mass Spectrometry Group (A.H.), Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D–50829 Cologne, Germany; and Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy (F.F., S.F.)

Tóm tắt

Abstract Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genes MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O2 (MLO2), MLO6, and MLO12 exhibit unequal genetic redundancy with respect to the modulation of defense responses against powdery mildew fungi and the control of developmental phenotypes such as premature leaf decay. We show that early chlorosis and necrosis of rosette leaves in mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 mutants reflects an authentic but untimely leaf senescence program. Comparative transcriptional profiling revealed that transcripts of several genes encoding tryptophan biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes hyperaccumulate during vegetative development in the mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 mutant. Elevated expression levels of these genes correlate with altered steady-state levels of several indolic metabolites, including the phytoalexin camalexin and indolic glucosinolates, during development in the mlo2 single mutant and the mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant. Results of genetic epistasis analysis suggest a decisive role for indolic metabolites in mlo2-conditioned antifungal defense against both biotrophic powdery mildews and a camalexin-sensitive strain of the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The wound- and pathogen-responsive callose synthase POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE4/GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE5 was found to be responsible for the spontaneous callose deposits in mlo2 mutant plants but dispensable for mlo2-conditioned penetration resistance. Our data strengthen the notion that powdery mildew resistance of mlo2 genotypes is based on the same defense execution machinery as innate antifungal immune responses that restrict the invasion of nonadapted fungal pathogens.

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