Trypsin-induced proteome alteration during cell subculture in mammalian cells

Hui-Ling Huang1, Hsiang Wei Hsing1, Tzu Chia Lai1, Yi Wen Chen1, Tian Ren Lee1, Hsin Tsu Chan1, Ping Lyu1, Chieh‐Lin Wu1, Ying Lu1, Szu Ting Lin1, Cheng Wen Lin2, Chih Ho Lai3, Hao Teng Chang4, Hsiu Chuan Chou5, Hong Lin Chan1
1Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology & Department of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
2Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
3Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
4Graduate Institute of Molecular Systems Biomedicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
5Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background

It is essential to subculture the cells once cultured cells reach confluence. For this, trypsin is frequently applied to dissociate adhesive cells from the substratum. However, due to the proteolytic activity of trypsin, cell surface proteins are often cleaved, which leads to dysregulation of the cell functions.

Methods

In this study, a triplicate 2D-DIGE strategy has been performed to monitor trypsin-induced proteome alterations. The differentially expressed spots were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and validated by immunoblotting.

Results

36 proteins are found to be differentially expressed in cells treated with trypsin, and proteins that are known to regulate cell metabolism, growth regulation, mitochondrial electron transportation and cell adhesion are down-regulated and proteins that regulate cell apoptosis are up-regulated after trypsin treatment. Further study shows that bcl-2 is down-regulated, p53 and p21 are both up-regulated after trypsinization.

Conclusions

In summary, this is the first report that uses the proteomic approach to thoroughly study trypsin-induced cell physiological changes and provides researchers in carrying out their experimental design.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Peralta SA, Knudsen KA, Tecson-Miguel A, McBrearty FX, Han AC, Salazar H: Expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in surface epithelial-stromal tumors of the ovary distinguishes mucinous from serous and endometrioid tumors. Hum Pathol. 1997, 28: 734-739. 10.1016/S0046-8177(97)90184-2.

Rosivatz E, Becker I, Bamba M, Schott C, Diebold J, Mayr D, Hofler H, Becker KF: Neoexpression of N-cadherin in E-cadherin positive colon cancers. Int J Cancer. 2004, 111: 711-719. 10.1002/ijc.20317.

Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK: Influence of the cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin on endogenous N-cadherin expression in malignant melanoma. Oncogene. 2006, 25: 248-259. 10.1038/sj.onc.1209508.

Lee JW, Soung YH, Kim SY, Park WS, Nam SW, Kim SH, Lee JY, Yoo NJ, Lee SH: ERBB2 kinase domain mutation in a gastric cancer metastasis. APMIS. 2005, 113: 683-687. 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_284.x.

Bekaii-Saab T, Williams N, Plass C, Calero MV, Eng C: A novel mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of ERBB2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2006, 6: 278-10.1186/1471-2407-6-278.

Timms JF, Cramer R: Difference gel electrophoresis. Proteomics. 2008, 8: 4886-4897. 10.1002/pmic.200800298.

Westermeier R, Scheibe B: Difference gel electrophoresis based on lys/cys tagging. Methods Mol Biol. 2008, 424: 73-85. full_text.

Marouga R, David S, Hawkins E: The development of the DIGE system: 2D fluorescence difference gel analysis technology. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2005, 382: 669-678. 10.1007/s00216-005-3126-3.

Lai TC, Chou HC, Chen YW, Lee TR, Chan HT, Shen HH, Lee WT, Lin ST, Lu YC, Wu CL, Chan HL: Secretomic and Proteomic Analysis of Potential Breast Cancer Markers by Two-Dimensional Differential Gel Electrophoresis. J Proteome Res. 2010, 9: 1302-1322. 10.1021/pr900825t.

Chou HC, Chen YW, Lee TR, Wu FS, Chan HT, Lyu PC, Timms JF, Chan HL: Proteomics study of oxidative stress and Src kinase inhibition in H9C2 cardiomyocytes: A cell model of heart ischemia reperfusion injury and treatment. Free Radic Biol Med. 2010,

Chan HL, Gaffney PR, Waterfield MD, Anderle H, Peter MH, Schwarz HP, Turecek PL, Timms JF: Proteomic analysis of UVC irradiation-induced damage of plasma proteins: Serum amyloid P component as a major target of photolysis. FEBS Lett. 2006, 580: 3229-3236. 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.05.002.

Chan HL, Gharbi S, Gaffney PR, Cramer R, Waterfield MD, Timms JF: Proteomic analysis of redox- and ErbB2-dependent changes in mammary luminal epithelial cells using cysteine- and lysine-labelling two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Proteomics. 2005, 5: 2908-2926. 10.1002/pmic.200401300.

Chan HL, Chou HC, Duran M, Gruenewald J, Waterfield MD, Ridley A, Timms JF: Major role of EGFR and SRC kinases in promoting oxidative stress-dependent loss of adhesion and apoptosis in epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2009, 285: 4307-4318. 10.1074/jbc.M109.047027.

Shin BK, Wang H, Yim AM, Le Naour F, Brichory F, Jang JH, Zhao R, Puravs E, Tra J, Michael CW, Misek DE, Hanash SM: Global profiling of the cell surface proteome of cancer cells uncovers an abundance of proteins with chaperone function. J Biol Chem. 2003, 278: 7607-7616. 10.1074/jbc.M210455200.

Jang JH, Hanash S: Profiling of the cell surface proteome. Proteomics. 2003, 3: 1947-1954. 10.1002/pmic.200300563.

Mayrhofer C, Krieger S, Allmaier G, Kerjaschki D: DIGE compatible labelling of surface proteins on vital cells in vitro and in vivo. Proteomics. 2006, 6: 579-585. 10.1002/pmic.200500104.

Barazi HO, Zhou L, Templeton NS, Krutzsch HC, Roberts DD: Identification of heat shock protein 60 as a molecular mediator of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin activation. Cancer Res. 2002, 62: 1541-1548.

Tsujimoto Y, Shimizu S: The voltage-dependent anion channel: an essential player in apoptosis. Biochimie. 2002, 84: 187-193. 10.1016/S0300-9084(02)01370-6.