Transmission of Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii) by Foods

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research - Tập 60 - Trang 1-19 - 2010
Karen Signori Pereira1, Regina M.B. Franco2, Diego A.G. Leal2
1Departamento de Engenharia Bioquímica, Escola de Química, Centro de Tecnologia Bloco E – Sala 203, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil

Tài liệu tham khảo

Arkush, 2003, Molecular and bioassay-based detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst uptake by mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), Int. J. Parasitol., 33, 1087, 10.1016/S0020-7519(03)00181-4 Aspinall, 2002, Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commercial meat products as monitored by polymerase chain reaction – food for thought?, Int. J. Parasitol., 32, 1193, 10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00070-X Balasundaram, 2010, Outbreak of acquired ocular toxoplasmosis involving 248 patients, Arch. Ophthal., 128, 28, 10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.354 Beguetto, 2003, Use of an Immunoglobulin G avidity assay based on recombinant antigens for diagnosis of primary T. gondii infection during pregnancy, J. Clin. Microbiol., 41, 5414, 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5414-5418.2003 Belford-Neto, 2007, High prevalence of unusual genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pork meat samples from Erechim, Southern Brazil, An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc., 79, 111, 10.1590/S0001-37652007000100013 Benenson, 1982, Oocyst-transmitted toxoplasmosis associated with ingestion of contaminated water, N. Engl. J. Med., 307, 666, 10.1056/NEJM198209093071107 Bessiéres, 2009, Diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: prenatal and neonatal evaluation of methods used in Toulouse University Hospital and incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 389, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200038 Bonametti, 1997, Surto de toxoplasmose aguda transmitida através da ingestão de carne crua de gado ovino, Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop., 30, 21, 10.1590/S0037-86821997000100005 Bonametti, 1997, Probable transmission of acute toxoplasmosis through breast feeding, J. Trop. Pediatr., 43, 116, 10.1093/tropej/43.2.116 Bowie, 1997, Outbreak of toxoplasmosis associated with municipal drinking water. The BC Toxoplasma investigation team, Lancet, 350, 173, 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)11105-3 Chiari, 1984, Toxoplasmose humana adquirida através da ingestão de leite de cabra, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 79, 337, 10.1590/S0074-02761984000300007 Choi, 1997, Foodborne outbreaks of human toxoplasmosis, J. Infect. Dis., 175, 1280, 10.1086/593702 Dawson, 2005, Foodborne protozoan parasites, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 103, 207, 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.12.032 De Silva, 1984, Family outbreak of toxoplasmosis: a serendipitous finding, J. Infect., 08, 163, 10.1016/S0163-4453(84)92617-3 Desmonts, 1974, Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy and its transmission to the fetus, Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med., 50, 146 Desmonts, 1984, Toxoplasmose congénitale, Ann. de Pediatr. (Paris), 31, 805 Dias, 2005, Toxoplasma gondii in fresh pork sausage and seroprevalence in butchers from factories in Londrina, Paraná state, Brazil, Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo, 47, 185, 10.1590/S0036-46652005000400002 Dorny, 2009, Emerging food-borne parasites, Vet. Parasitol., 163, 196, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.026 Dubey, 1998, Toxoplasma gondii oocysts survival under defined temperatures, J. Parasitol., 84, 862, 10.2307/3284606 Dubey, 1998, Re-examination of resistance of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites to pepsin and trypsin digestion, Parasitology, 116, 43, 10.1017/S0031182097001935 Dubey, 2002, Tachyzoite-induced life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii in cats, J. Parasitol., 88, 713, 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0713:TILCOT]2.0.CO;2 Dubey, 2004, Toxoplasmosis – a waterborne review, Vet. Parasitol., 126, 57, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.005 Dubey, 1988 Dubey, 2009, Population biology of Toxoplasma gondii: What's out and where did they come from?, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 190, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200011 Dubey, 1994, Killing of different strains of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts by irradiation under defined conditions, J. Parasitol., 80, 764, 10.2307/3283255 Dubey, 1998, Structures of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, bradyzoites and sporozoites and biology and development of tissue cysts, Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 11, 267, 10.1128/CMR.11.2.267 Dubey, 1998, Effect of gamma irradiation on unsporulated and sporulated Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, Int. J. Parasitol., 28, 369, 10.1016/S0020-7519(97)83432-7 Dubey, 2005, Prevalence of viable Toxoplasma gondii in beef, chicken, and pork from retail meat stores in the United States; risk assessment to consumers, J. Parasitol., 91, 1082, 10.1645/GE-683.1 Dunn, 1999, Mother-to-child transmission of toxoplasmosis: Risk estimates for clinical counseling, Lancet, 353, 1829, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)08220-8 Ferguson, 2009, Toxoplasma gondii: 1908–2008, homage to Nicolle, Manceaux and Splendore, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 133, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200003 Fertig, 1977, Tetracycline treatment in a food-borne outbreak of toxoplasmosis, Br. Med. J., 1, 1064, 10.1136/bmj.1.6068.1064 Frenkel, 1958, Ocular toxoplasmosis, Arch. Ophthal., 48, 260, 10.1001/archopht.1958.00940030128013 Frenkel, 1970, Toxoplasma gondii in cats: Fecal stages identified as coccidian oocysts, Science, 167, 893, 10.1126/science.167.3919.893 Garweg, 2009, Immunopathology in ocular toxoplasmosis: Facts and clues, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 211, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200014 Gilbert, 2000, Is ocular toxoplasmosis caused by prenatal or postnatal infection?, Br. J. Ophtalmol., 84, 224, 10.1136/bjo.84.2.224 Gilbert, 2001, Ecological comparison of the risks of mother-to-child transmission and clinical manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis according to prenatal treatment protocol, Epidemiol. Infect., 127, 113, 10.1017/S095026880100560X Gras, 2005, Association between prenatal treatment and clinical manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis in infancy: A cohort study in 13 European centres, Acta Paediatr., 94, 1721, 10.1080/08035250500251999 Guex-Crosier, 2009, Update on the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis, Int. J. Med. Sci., 6, 140, 10.7150/ijms.6.140 Hemmer, 2006, Central nervous system infections – a potential complication of systemic immunotherapy, Curr. Opin. Neurol., 19, 271, 10.1097/01.wco.0000227037.70329.b0 Hill, 2002, Toxoplasma gondii: Transmission, diagnosis and prevention, Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 8, 634, 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2002.00485.x Hill, 2004, Effect of commonly used enhancement solutions on the viability of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in pork loin, J. Food Prot., 67, 2230, 10.4315/0362-028X-67.10.2230 Hillers, 2003, Consumer food-handling behaviors associated with prevention of 13 foodborne illnesses, J. Food Prot., 66, 1893, 10.4315/0362-028X-66.10.1893 Hiramoto, 2001, Infectivity of cysts of the ME-49 Toxoplasma gondii strain in bovine milk and homemade cheese, Rev. Saúde Pública, 35, 113, 10.1590/S0034-89102001000200002 Hoffmann, 2007, Using expert elicitation to link foodborne illnesses in the United States to foods, J. Food Prot., 70, 1220, 10.4315/0362-028X-70.5.1220 Holland, 1999, Reconsidering the pathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 128, 502, 10.1016/S0002-9394(99)00263-9 Hornef, 1999, Brain biopsy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Arch. Intern. Med., 159, 2590, 10.1001/archinte.159.21.2590 Horowitz, 1983, CNS toxoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Arch. Neurol., 40, 649, 10.1001/archneur.1983.04050090085015 Hovakimyan, 2002, Ocular toxoplasmosis, Ophthalmol. Clin. North Am., 15, 327, 10.1016/S0896-1549(02)00030-5 Innes, 1997, Toxoplasmosis: comparative species susceptibility and host immune response, Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 20, 131, 10.1016/S0147-9571(96)00038-0 Jacobs, 1960, The resistance of the encysted form of Toxoplasma gondii, J. Parasitol., 46, 11, 10.2307/3275325 Jamieson, 2009, Host genetic and epigenetic factors in toxoplasmosis, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 162, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200006 Johnson, 1997, Speculation on possible life cycles for the clonal lineages in the genus Toxoplasma, Parasitol. Today, 13, 393, 10.1016/S0169-4758(97)01129-0 Jones, 1996, Toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected persons: Risk factors and trends. The adult/adolescent spectrum of disease group, AIDS, 10, 1393, 10.1097/00002030-199610000-00012 Jones, 2003, Congenital toxoplasmosis: A review, Obstet. Gynecol. Surv., 56, 296, 10.1097/00006254-200105000-00025 Kapperud, 1996, Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy. Results of a prospective case-control study in Norway, Am. J. Epidemiol., 144, 405, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008942 Kean, 1969, An epidemic of acute toxoplasmosis, JAMA, 208, 1002, 10.1001/jama.1969.03160060072008 Kijlstra, 2008, Control of the risk of human toxoplasmosis transmitted by meat, Int. J. Parasitol., 38, 1359, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.06.002 Kijlstra, 2008, Toxoplasma-safe meat: Close to reality?, Trends Parasitol., 25, 18, 10.1016/j.pt.2008.09.008 Laliberté, 2008, Host cell manipulation by the human pathogen Toxoplasma gondii, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 65, 1900, 10.1007/s00018-008-7556-x Lindsay, 2004, Survival of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), J. Parasitol., 90, 1054, 10.1645/GE-296R Lindsay, 2005, Effects of high pressure processing on infectivity of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts for mice, J. Parasitol., 91, 699, 10.1645/GE-425R Lopes, 2009, Factors associated with seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 378, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200036 Lundén, 1992, Infectivity of Toxoplasma gondii in mutton following curing, smoking, freezing or microwave cooking, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 15, 357, 10.1016/0168-1605(92)90069-F Mead, 1999, Food-related illness and death in the United States, Emerging Infect. Dis., 5, 606, 10.3201/eid0505.990502 Montoya, 2002, Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection and toxoplasmosis, J. Infect. Dis., 185, S73, 10.1086/338827 Moura, 2006, Waterborne toxoplasmosis, Brazil, from field to Gene, Emerging Infect. Dis., 12, 326, 10.3201/eid1202.041115 Mozzato, 2003, Incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis in Southern Brazil: A prospective study, Rev. Inst. Med. Trop., 45, 147, 10.1590/S0036-46652003000300006 Nesbakken, 2009, Food safety in a global market – Do we need to worry?, Small Rumin. Res., 86, 63, 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.09.007 Neves, 2009, Acute toxoplasmosis: clinical-laboratorial aspects and ophthalmologic evaluation in a cohort of immunocompetent patients, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 393, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200039 Nicolle, 1909, Sur un protozoaire nouveau du gondi, C. R. Acad. Sci., 148, 369 Petersen, 2001, Biology of Toxoplasmosis, 1 Remington, 2006, Toxoplasmosis, 947 Riemann, 1975, Toxoplasmosis in an infant fed unpasteurized goat milk, J. Pediatr., 87, 573, 10.1016/S0022-3476(75)80825-0 Robson, 1995, A probable foodborne outbreak of toxoplasmosis, Commun. Dis. Intell., 19, 517 Sabin, 1948, Dyes as microchemical indicators of a new immunity phenomenon affecting a protozoan parasite (Toxoplasma), Science, 108, 660, 10.1126/science.108.2815.660 Sacks, 1982, Toxoplasmosis infection associated with raw goat's milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 248, 1728, 10.1001/jama.1982.03330140038029 Safadi, 2003, Clinical presentation and follow up of children with congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil, Braz. J. Infect. Dis., 7, 325, 10.1590/S1413-86702003000500007 Schroeder, 2006, Analysis of the utility of diffusion-weighted MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient values in distinguishing central nervous system toxoplasmosis from lymphoma, Neuroradiology, 48, 715, 10.1007/s00234-006-0123-y Skinner, 1990, Simultaneous diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in goats and goatowner's family, Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 22, 359, 10.3109/00365549009027060 Smith, 1993, Documented outbreaks of toxoplasmosis transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to humans, J. Food Prot., 56, 630, 10.4315/0362-028X-56.7.630 Smith, 1999, Foodborne infections during pregnancy, J. Food Prot., 62, 818, 10.4315/0362-028X-62.7.818 Smith, 2007, The Sarcocystidae: Sarcocystis, Frenkelia, Toxoplasma, Besnoitia, Hammondia, and Cystoisospora, J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 28, 262, 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1981.tb02848.x Splendore, 1908, Un nuovo protozoa parassita deconigli d'une malattia che ricorda in molti punti il kala-azar dell'uoma. Nota preliminare, Rev. Soc. Sci. São Paulo, 3, 109 Spalding, 2005, Serological screening and toxoplasmosis exposure factors among pregnant women in South of Brazil, Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop., 38, 173, 10.1590/S0037-86822005000200009 Su, 2003, Recent expansion of Toxoplasma through enhanced oral transmission, Science, 299, 414, 10.1126/science.1078035 Sullivan, 2009, Understanding mechanisms and the role of differentiation in pathogenesis of Toxoplasma gondii – A review, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 155, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200005 Tavares, 2006, Surto intra-familiar de toxoplasmose, Santa Vitória do Palmar, RS, Bol. Eletrônico Epidemiol. Tenter, 2009, Toxoplasma gondii in animals used for human consumption, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 364, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200033 Tenter, 2000, Toxoplasma gondii: From animals to humans, Int. J. Parasitol., 30, 1217, 10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00124-7 Varella, 2009, Prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis infection among 41, 112 pregnant women and the mother-to-child transmission rate in a public hospital in South Brazil, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 383, 10.1590/S0074-02762009000200037 Waldeland, 1977, Toxoplasmosis in sheep I. Long-term epidemiological studies in four breeding flocks, Acta Vet. Scand., 18, 227, 10.1186/BF03548451 Waldeland, 1977, Toxoplasmosis in sheep. II. Influence of various factors on the antibody contents, Acta Vet. Scand., 18, 237, 10.1186/BF03548452 Waldeland, 1977, Toxoplasmosis in sheep. III. Hematological, serological and parasitological studies, Acta Vet. Scand., 18, 248, 10.1186/BF03548453 Wang, 2007, Microglia produces IFN-gamma independently from T-cells during acute toxoplasmosis in the brain, J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 27, 599, 10.1089/jir.2006.0157 Warnekulasuriya, 1998, Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in cured meats, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 45, 211, 10.1016/S0168-1605(98)00158-5 Weiss, 2009, Toxoplasmosis: A history of clinical observations, Int. J. Parasitol., 39, 895, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.02.004 Weiss, 2007, Bradyzoite Development, 341 Wolf, 1937, Granulomatous encephalomyelitis due to an encephalitozoon (encephalitozic ancephalomyelitis): A new protozoan disease of man, Bull. Neurol. Inst. NY., 6, 306 Wong, 1993, Biology of Toxoplasma gondii, AIDS, 7, 299, 10.1097/00002030-199303000-00001 Wong, 1994, Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy, Clin. Infect. Dis., 18, 853, 10.1093/clinids/18.6.853