Thực thi giao dịch của các tái cấu trúc phân cấp trong hệ thống vật lý mạng

Software & Systems Modeling - Tập 18 - Trang 157-189 - 2017
Christian Heinzemann1, Steffen Becker2, Andreas Volk3
1Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Research, Renningen, Germany
2Technical University Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
3Bosch SoftTec GmbH, Hildesheim, Germany

Tóm tắt

Các hệ thống vật lý mạng (cyber-physical systems) tái cấu trúc kiến trúc phần mềm của chúng, ví dụ, để tránh các tình huống nguy hiểm và tối ưu hóa các điều kiện hoạt động như tiêu thụ năng lượng. Những tái cấu trúc này cần phải an toàn để các hệ thống bảo vệ người dùng hoặc môi trường khỏi các điều kiện hoặc sự kiện có hại trong khi thay đổi cấu trúc của chúng. Vì các kiến trúc phần mềm thường được xây dựng trên các thành phần, các hành động tái cấu trúc cần phải xem xét cấu trúc thành phần. Cấu trúc này nên hỗ trợ việc kết hợp theo chiều dọc để cho phép các thành phần được bao bọc theo cách phân cấp. Mặc dù nhiều cách tiếp cận tái cấu trúc cho các hệ thống vật lý mạng và hệ thống nhúng theo thời gian thực cho phép sử dụng các thành phần nhúng theo chiều dọc, tức là kết hợp theo chiều dọc, nhưng không có cách nào trong số đó cung cấp một giải pháp mô hình hóa và xác minh để xem xét cấu trúc kết hợp phân cấp, tức là bao bọc, do đó hạn chế khả năng tái sử dụng và xác minh kết hợp. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi trình bày một mở rộng cho ngôn ngữ mô hình hóa hiện có của chúng tôi, MechatronicUML, để cho phép tái cấu trúc phân cấp an toàn. Ba mở rộng bao gồm (a) một biến thể điều chỉnh của giao thức cam kết hai giai đoạn để khởi động các tái cấu trúc duy trì bao bọc thành phần, (b) việc tích hợp các bộ điều khiển phản hồi trong quá trình tái cấu trúc, và (c) một cách tiếp cận xác minh dựa trên việc kiểm tra mô hình (thời gian) cho các trường hợp của mô hình của chúng tôi. Chúng tôi minh họa cách tiếp cận của mình trong một nghiên cứu tình huống trong lĩnh vực hệ thống đường sắt thông minh bằng cách thể hiện hai trường hợp sử dụng khác nhau của cách tiếp cận của chúng tôi. Chúng tôi cho thấy rằng việc sử dụng cách tiếp cận của chúng tôi khiến các hệ thống có thể được thiết kế dễ dàng để tái cấu trúc một cách an toàn.

Từ khóa

#hệ thống vật lý mạng #tái cấu trúc phân cấp #mô hình hóa #xác minh #MechatronicUML

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