Toxicity of lectins and processing of ingested proteins in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata - Tập 76 Số 2 - Trang 143-155 - 1995
Yvan Rahbé1, Nicolas Sauvion1, Gérard Febvay1, Willy J. Peumans2, Angharad M. R. Gatehouse3
1INSA, Laboratoire de Biologie Appliquée 406, UA INRA 227 - SDI CNRS 5128, 20, ave. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
2Laboratorium voor Phytopathologie en Plantenbescherming, Catholic University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK

Tóm tắt

Abstract

Acute toxicity of thirty lectins was tested against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera, Aphididae: Macrosiphini). Activity was measured on artificial diets containing moderate concentrations of lectins (10–250 μg/ml) by scoring mortality and growth inhibition over the whole nymphal period (7 days at 20°C). Most of the proteins tested exhibited low toxicity, but some induced significant mortality; these included the lectins from jackbean (Concanavalin A), amaranth, lentil and snowdrop. There was no direct correlation between toxicity and sugar specificity of the lectin; however, many mannose‐binding lectins were toxic towards A. pisum. Concanavalin A was also tested on five other aphid species (Aphis gossypii, Aulacortum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphum albifrons and Myzus persicae) at concentrations between 10–1500 μg/ml. Mortality was very variable from one species to another. Strong growth inhibition invariably occurred within this concentration range, although dose‐response curves differed substantially between aphid species. The peptidase complement of A. pisum's digestive tract was also investigated, as well as the oral toxicity of some protease inhibitors (PIs) to this aphid. Most protein PIs were inactive, and no part of the digestive tract contained detectable amounts of endo‐protease activity. This is in contrast to the strong amino‐peptidase activity which was shown to occur predominantly in the midgut and crop portions of the digestive tract. The potential of lectins in transgenic crops to confer Host‐Plant Resistance to aphids is discussed.

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Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

Tập 76 Số 2

143-155

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