Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and IgE are associated with elderly asthmatics
Tóm tắt
The pathogenesis of asthma, which is an allergic lung disease, is associated with a variety of allergens such as house dust mite, pollen, and mould, IgE containing serum IgE and allergen-specific-IgE, and inflammatory cytokines including thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17. Because aging is an essential factor in the pathogenesis of asthma, we examined biomarkers related to asthmatic subjects depending on age. Physiological indices such as FEV1(forced expiratory capacity in 1 s), FEV1 (% predicted), and FEV1/FVC(forced vital capacity) (%) in asthmatic subjects were lower than those in normal subjects. Total IgE, Der p1 specific IgE, and Der f1 specific IgE were elevated in serum of asthmatics relative to normal individuals. Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL5 in serum and interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2, RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α/CCL3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of asthmatic subjects were higher than in normal individuals. Upon classification of experimental groups depending on age, physiological indices and Der p1-specific IgE (class) were decreased in middle aged adult and elderly adult groups relative to the young adult group. TARC levels in serum were strongly elevated in the elderly adult group relative to the young adult and the middle aged adult groups. TARC in serum was related to total IgE in serum in the elderly adult group. Taken together, although TARC in serum and BALF is not different between normal and asthmatic individuals, TARC increases in serum of elderly asthmatic subjects. The level of TARC has a positive effect on the level of IgE in the elderly adult group. These findings may help us better understand the relationship of pathogenesis of allergic diseases and aging.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Holgate ST. Pathogenesis of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2008;38:872–97.
Gaffin JM, Phipatanakul W. The role of indoor allergens in the development of asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;9:128–35.
Jacquet A. The role of innate immunity activation in house dust mite allergy. Trends Mol Med. 2011;17:604–11.
Kim DH, Choi E, Lee JS, et al. House dust mite allergen regulates constitutive apoptosis of normal and asthmatic neutrophils via toll-like receptor 4. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0125983.
Lee NR, Baek SY, Gu A, et al. House dust mite allergen suppresses neutrophil apoptosis by cytokine release via PAR2 in normal and allergic lymphocytes. Immunol Res. 2016;64:123–32.
Hammad H, Chieppa M, Perros F, et al. House dust mite allergen induces asthma via toll-like receptor 4 triggering of airway structural cells. Nat Med. 2009;15:410–6.
Xia S, Zhang X, Zheng S, et al. An update on inflamm-aging: mechanisms, prevention, and treatment. J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:8426874.
Zuo L, Pannell BK, Liu Z. Characterization and redox mechanism of asthma in the elderly. Oncotarget. 2016;7:25010–21.
Ventura MT, Scichilone N, Paganelli R, et al. Allergic diseases in the elderly: biological characteristics and main immunological and non-immunological mechanisms. Clin Mol Allergy. 2017;15:2.
Ahmad A, Obaidi AH, Mohamed A, et al. The predictive value of IgE as biomarker in asthma. J Asthma. 2008;45:654–63.
Jeong KY, Park JW, Hong CS. House dust mite allergy in Korea: the most important inhalant allergen in current and future. Allergy asthma. Immunol Res. 2012;4:313–25.
Arlian LG, Platts-Mills TA. The biology of dust mites and the remediation of mite allergens in allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107:S406–13.
Abd Ella OH, Badawy EAM, Shahat M, et al. Allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) and Dermatophagoides farina (Der f1) in patients with atopic asthma. Int J Sci Res. 2015;4:1896–902.
Hosoki K, Ying S, Corrigan C, et al. Analysis of a panel of 48 cytokines in BAL fluids specifically identifies IL-8 levels as the only cytokine that distinguishes controlled asthma from uncontrolled asthma, and correlates inversely with FEV1. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0126035.
Kuo PL, Hsu YL, Huang MS, et al. Bronchial epithelium-derived IL-8 and RANTES increased bronchial smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation by Kruppel-like factor 5 in areca nut-mediated airway remodeling. Toxicol Sci. 2011;121:177–90.
Rossi A, Ganassini A, Tantucci C, et al. Aging and the respiratory system. Aging Clin Exp Res. 1996;8:143–61.
Mathur SK. Allergy and asthma in the elderly. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;31:587–95.
Jatakanon A, Uasuf C, Maziak W, et al. Neutrophilic inflammation in severe persistent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160:1532–9.
Thomas RA, Green RH, Brightling CE, et al. Influence of age on induced sputum differential cell counts in normal subjects. Chest. 2004;126:1811–4.
Mathur SK, Schwantes EA, Jarjour NN, et al. Age-related changes in eosinophil function in human subjects. Chest. 2008;133:412–9.
Pawelec G. Immunosenescence: impact in the young as well as the old? Mech Ageing Dev. 1999;108(1):1–7.
Aw D, Silva AB, Palmer DB. Immunosenescence: emerging challenges for an ageing population. Immunology. 2007;120:435–46.
De Amici M, Ciprandi G. The age impact on serum total and allergen-specific IgE. Allergy asthma. Immunol Res. 2013;5:170–4.
Weghofer M, Thomas WR, Kronqvist M, et al. Variability of IgE reactivity profiles among European mite allergic patients. Eur J Clin Investig. 2008;38:959–65.
Yoshie O. Immune chemokines and their receptors: the key elements in the genesis, homeostasis and function of the immune system. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2000;22:371–91.
Fujisawa T, Fujisawa R, Kato Y, et al. Presence of high contents of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in platelets and elevated plasma levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and macrophage-derived chemokine in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110:139–46.
Kakinuma T, Nakamura K, Wakugawa M, et al. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in atopic dermatitis: serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine level is closely related with disease activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107:535–41.
Leung TF, Wong CK, Chan IH, et al. Plasma concentration of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine is elevated in childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110:404–9.
Reda SM, Hossny E, El-Fedawy S, EI-Deen ME. Plasma concentration of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in childhood asthma. Egypt J Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2003;1:86–92.
Sekiya T, Yamada H, Yamaguchi M, et al. Increased levels of a TH2-type CC chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) in serum and induced sputum of asthmatics. Allergy. 2002;57(2):173–7.
Tamaki K, Saeki H, Kadono T, et al. Serum TARC/CCL17 levels as a disease marker of atopic dermatitis. Jap J Dermatol. 2006;116:27–39.
Fujisawa T, Nagao M, Hiraguchi Y, et al. Serum measurement of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 in children with atopic dermatitis: elevated normal levels in infancy and age-specific analysis in atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009;20:633–41.