Cấu trúc của các polyme tường tế bào thứ cấp: cách mà vi khuẩn Gram dương gắn kết các bức tường tế bào của chúng lại với nhau

Microbiology (United Kingdom) - Tập 151 Số 3 - Trang 643-651 - 2005
Christina Schäffer1, Paul Messner1
1Zentrum für NanoBiotechnologie, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, A-1180 Wien, Austria

Tóm tắt

Tường tế bào của vi khuẩn Gram dương đã được nghiên cứu hóa học chi tiết trong suốt năm thập kỷ qua. Bên ngoài màng sinh chất của những cơ thể này, polyme cơ bản là peptidoglycan (PG), chịu trách nhiệm duy trì hình dạng tế bào và ổn định thẩm thấu. Ngoài ra, các polyme tường tế bào thiết yếu điển hình như axit teichoic hoặc axit teichuronic được liên kết với một số chuỗi peptidoglycan. Trong bài tổng quan này, các hợp chất này được xem xét như là những polyme tường tế bào 'cổ điển'. Trong quá trình điều tra gần đây về các lớp bề mặt tế bào vi khuẩn (lớp S), một lớp khác của các polyme tường tế bào thứ cấp 'không cổ điển' (SCWPs) đã được xác định, liên quan đến việc neo các lớp S vào bề mặt tế bào vi khuẩn. Phân tích so sánh đã chỉ ra sự khác biệt đáng kể về thành phần hóa học, cấu trúc tổng thể và hành vi điện tích của các SCWPs này. Bài tổng quan này thảo luận về những tiến bộ đã đạt được trong việc hiểu rõ các nguyên tắc cấu trúc của SCWPs, có thể có những ứng dụng hữu ích trong các 'bộ xây dựng siêu phân tử' dựa trên lớp S trong công nghệ nano sinh học.

Từ khóa


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