Trật tự xã hội của các thị trường

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 38 - Trang 245-269 - 2009
Jens Beckert1
1Max-Planck-Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung, Köln, Germany

Tóm tắt

Trong bài viết này, tôi phát triển một đề xuất cho quan điểm lý thuyết của xã hội học về thị trường, tập trung vào vấn đề trật tự xã hội của các thị trường. Giả thuyết ban đầu là các thị trường là những lĩnh vực tương tác xã hội rất khắt khe, mà chỉ có thể hoạt động nếu ba vấn đề phối hợp không thể tránh khỏi được giải quyết. Tôi định nghĩa các vấn đề phối hợp này là vấn đề giá trị, vấn đề cạnh tranh và vấn đề hợp tác. Tôi lập luận rằng các vấn đề này chỉ có thể được giải quyết dựa vào những mong đợi hồi đáp ổn định từ các tác nhân thị trường, mà có cơ sở từ cấu trúc xã hội, thể chế và sự nhúng văn hóa của các thị trường. Xã hội học về thị trường nhằm điều tra cách thức hành động thị trường được cấu trúc bởi những cấu trúc vĩ mô này và xem xét các quy trình động của sự thay đổi. Trong khi trọng tâm của xã hội học kinh tế chủ yếu là vào sự ổn định của các thị trường và sự tái sản xuất của các công ty, khái niệm được phát triển ở đây đưa sự thay đổi và động cơ lợi nhuận vào phân tích một cách mạnh mẽ hơn. Nó cũng khác với trọng tâm của xã hội học kinh tế mới về phía cung của các thị trường, bằng cách nhấn mạnh vai trò của nhu cầu trong trật tự của các thị trường, đặc biệt trong cuộc thảo luận về các vấn đề định giá và hợp tác.

Từ khóa

#sociology of markets #social order #coordination problems #market actors #macrostructures #demand and supply

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