The need for empirical data to evaluate biopsychosocial theories of cognitive sex differences: Reply to commentaries

Allen, 1989, Two sexually dimorphic cell groups in the human brain, Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 497, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.09-02-00497.1989 Allen, 1991, Sex differences in the corpus callosum of the living human being, Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 933, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.11-04-00933.1991 Arnold, 1984, Gonadal steroid induction of structural sex differences in the central nervous system, Annual Review of Neuroscience, 7, 413, 10.1146/annurev.ne.07.030184.002213 Berenbaum, 1992, Early androgens are related to childhood sex-typed toy preferences, Psychological Science, 3, 203, 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00028.x Berenbaum, 1995, Early hormones and sex differences in cognitive abilities, Learning and Individual Differences, 7, 303, 10.1016/1041-6080(95)90004-7 Goy, 1980 Grimshaw, 1994, Mental rotations at 7 years: Relations with prenatal testosterone levels and spatial play experiences, Brain and Cognition, 29, 85, 10.1006/brcg.1995.1269 Gur, 1995, Sex differences in regional cerebral glucose metabolism during a resting state, Science, 267, 528, 10.1126/science.7824953 Hampson, 1992, Sex differences and hormonal influences on cognitive function in humans, 357 Hines, 1992, Cognition and the corpus callosum: Verbal fluency, visuospatial ability, and language lateralization related to midsagittal surface areas of callosal s, Behavioral Neuroscience, 106, 3, 10.1037/0735-7044.106.1.3 Hyde, 1996, Gender and cognition: A commentary on current research, Learning and Individual Differences, 8, 33, 10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90005-9 Kimura, 1994, Cognitive pattern in men and women is influenced by fluctuations in sex hormones, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 3, 57, 10.1111/1467-8721.ep10769964 Lewis, 1988, The relationship between cerebral lateralization and cognitive ability: Suggested criteria for empirical tests, Brain and Cognition, 8, 275, 10.1016/0278-2626(88)90055-3 Lytton, 1991, Parents' differential socialization of boys and girls: A meta-analysis, Psychological Bulletin, 109, 267, 10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.267 McKeever, 1995, Hormone and hemisphericity hypotheses regarding cognitive sex differences: Possible future explanatory power, but current empirical chaos, Learning and Individual Differences, 7, 323, 10.1016/1041-6080(95)90005-5 Newcombe, 1992, A longitudinal study of predictors of spatial ability in adolescent females, Child Development, 63, 37, 10.2307/1130899 Rowe, 1994 Scarr, 1983, How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype → environment effects, Child Development, 54, 424 Shaywitz, 1995, Sex differences in the functional organization of the brain for language, Nature, 373, 607, 10.1038/373607a0 Willerman, 1992, Hemisphere size asymmetry predicts relative verbal and nonverbal intelligence differently in the sexes: An MRI study of structure-function relations, Intelligence, 16, 315, 10.1016/0160-2896(92)90012-G Witelson, 1995, Women have greater density of neurons in posterior temporal cortex, Journal of Neuroscience, 15, 3418, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-05-03418.1995