The landslide‐generated tsunami of November 3, 1994 in Skagway Harbor, Alaska: A case study

Geophysical Research Letters - Tập 26 Số 19 - Trang 3009-3012 - 1999
Alexander B. Rabinovich1, Richard E. Thomson1, E. A. Kulikov2, Brian D. Bornhold2, I. Fine2
1Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada
2International Tsunami Research, Inc., Sidney, British Columbia, Canada

Tóm tắt

We examine the origin and behavior of the catastrophic tsunami that impacted Skagway Harbor at the head of Taiya Inlet, Alaska, on November 3, 1994. Geomorphologic and tide gauge data, combined with numerical simulation of the event, reveal that the tsunami was generated by an underwater landslide formed during the collapse of a cruise‐ship dock undergoing construction. Use of a fine‐grid model for Skagway Harbor and a coarse‐grid model for Taiya Inlet enables us to explain many of the eyewitness accounts and to reproduce the dominant oscillations in the tide gauge record, including the persistent (∼1 h) 3‐min oscillation in Skagway Harbor. The occurrence of the landslide is linked to critical overloading of the slope materials at a time of extreme low tide.

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Tài liệu tham khảo

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Geophysical Research Letters

Tập 26 Số 19

3009-3012

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