The Arctic oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields Tập 25 Số 9 - Trang 1297-1300 - 1998
David W. J. Thompson, John M. Wallace
The leading empirical orthogonal function of the wintertime sea‐level pressure field is more strongly coupled to surface air temperature fluctuations over the Eurasian continent than the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). It resembles the NAO in many respects; but its primary center of action covers more of the Arctic, giving it a more zonally symmetric appearance. Coupled to strong fluctua...... hiện toàn bộ Effect of recent revisions to the geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions Tập 21 Số 20 - Trang 2191-2194 - 1994
Charles DeMets, Richard G. Gordon, Donald F. Argus, Seth Stein
Recent revisions to the geomagnetic time scale indicate that global plate motion model NUVEL‐1 should be modified for comparison with other rates of motion including those estimated from space geodetic measurements. The optimal recalibration, which is a compromise among slightly different calibrations appropriate for slow, medium, and fast rates of seafloor spreading, is to multiply NUVEL‐...... hiện toàn bộ Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically‐influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes Tập 34 Số 13 - 2007
Q. Zhang, J. L. Jiménez, Manjula R. Canagaratna, J. D. Allan, Hugh Coe, I. M. Ulbrich, M. Rami Alfarra, Akinori Takami, A. M. Middlebrook, Yele Sun, K. Džepina, E. J. Dunlea, K. S. Docherty, P. F. DeCarlo, D. Salcedo, T. B. Onasch, John T. Jayne, Takao Miyoshi, Atsushi Shimono, Shiro Hatakeyama, N. Takegawa, Y. Kondo, Johannes Schneider, Frank Drewnick, Stephan Borrmann, S. Weimer, Kenneth L. Demerjian, P. I. Williams, Keith Bower, R. Bahreini, L. Cottrell, Robert J. Griffin, Jani Rautiainen, Junying Sun, Yuhong Zhang, Douglas R. Worsnop
Organic aerosol (OA) data acquired by the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) in 37 field campaigns were deconvolved into hydrocarbon‐like OA (HOA) and several types of oxygenated OA (OOA) components. HOA has been linked to primary combustion emissions (mainly from fossil fuel) and other primary sources such as meat cooking. OOA is ubiquitous in various atmospheric environments, on average acc...... hiện toàn bộ Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast Tập 34 Số 9 - 2007
Julienne Strœve, Marika M. Holland, Walter N. Meier, T. A. Scambos, Mark C. Serreze
From 1953 to 2006, Arctic sea ice extent at the end of the melt season in September has declined sharply. All models participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) show declining Arctic ice cover over this period. However, depending on the time window for analysis, none or very few individual model simulations show trends comparable to ob...... hiện toàn bộ Radar interferogram filtering for geophysical applications Tập 25 Số 21 - Trang 4035-4038 - 1998
Robert S. Goldstein, Charles Werner
The use of SAR interferometry is often impeded by decorrelation from thermal noise, temporal change, and baseline geometry. Power spectra of interferograms are typically the sum of a narrow‐band component combined with broad‐band noise. We describe a new adaptive filtering algorithm that dramatically lowers phase noise, improving both measurement accuracy and phase unwrapping, while demons...... hiện toàn bộ Accelerated decline in the Arctic sea ice cover Tập 35 Số 1 - 2008
Josefino C. Comiso, Claire L. Parkinson, Robert Gersten, Larry Stock
Satellite data reveal unusually low Arctic sea ice coverage during the summer of 2007, caused in part by anomalously high temperatures and southerly winds. The extent and area of the ice cover reached minima on 14 September 2007 at 4.1 × 106 km2 and 3.6 × 106 km2, respectively. These are 24% and 27% lower t...... hiện toàn bộ Initial performance assessment of CALIOP Tập 34 Số 19 - 2007
David M. Winker, William H. Hunt, Matthew J. McGill
The Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP, pronounced the same as “calliope”) is a spaceborne two‐wavelength polarization lidar that has been acquiring global data since June 2006. CALIOP provides high resolution vertical profiles of clouds and aerosols, and has been designed with a very large linear dynamic range to encompass the full range of signal returns from aeroso...... hiện toàn bộ Emergence of broadband Rayleigh waves from correlations of the ambient seismic noise Tập 31 Số 7 - 2004
Н. М. Шапиро, Michel Campillo
We demonstrate that the coherent information about the Earth structure can be extracted from the ambient seismic noise. We compute cross‐correlations of vertical component records of several days of seismic noise at different pairs of stations separated by distances from about one hundred to more than two thousand kilometers. Coherent broadband dispersive wavetrains clearly emerge with gro...... hiện toàn bộ Remote estimation of canopy chlorophyll content in crops Tập 32 Số 8 - 2005
Anatoly A. Gitelson, Andrés Viña, Verónica Ciganda, Donald C. Rundquist, Timothy J. Arkebauer
Accurate estimation of spatially distributed chlorophyll content (Chl) in crops is of great importance for regional and global studies of carbon balance and responses to fertilizer (e.g., nitrogen) application. In this paper a recently developed conceptual model was applied for remotely estimating Chl in maize and soybean canopies. We tuned the spectral regions to be included in the model,...... hiện toàn bộ Nd isotopic variations and petrogenetic models Tập 3 Số 5 - Trang 249-252 - 1976
Donald J. DePaolo, G. J. Wasserburg
The decay of 147Sm to 143Nd allows 143Nd/144Nd to be used to trace Sm/Nd fractionation in long time‐scale geologic processes. 143Nd/144Nd has been measured in terrestrial rock samples of different ages to establish the characteristics of Nd isotopic evolution in the...... hiện toàn bộ