The important role of the apoptotic effects of zinc in the development of cancers
Tóm tắt
Zinc is a trace element that is essential for the normal function of cells. It is a cofactor for the structure and function of a wide range of cellular proteins including enzymes, transcription factors, and structural proteins. Recent studies have shown that zinc plays a role in the development of various cancers. Unfortunately no established common relationships of zinc with cancer development and progression have been identified. Zinc is known to have systemic effects such as regulation of the immune system as well as direct cellular effects resulting in regulation of gene expression, bioenergetics, metabolic pathways, signal transduction and cell invasion. Zinc is also reported to regulate cell proliferation and growth. In this review presentation we focus on the effects of zinc that are involved in the regulation of apoptosis in malignant cells. We selected the apoptotic effects of zinc because zinc is reported to both induce apoptosis in some cancers and to protect other cancer cells against apoptosis induced by other factors. The effects of zinc in the regulation of apoptosis appear to be cell type specific. More importantly the reported effects of zinc on cancer cells must be viewed from the perspective of the physiological regulation of zinc homeostasis. Thus one must be mindful of the experimental conditions under which zinc effects are investigated relative to the physiological and pathological conditions of cellular zinc distribution and concentrations that can exist in situ. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 750–757, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Danielsen A, 1970, A study of some selected trace elements in normal and cancerous tissue by neutron activation analysis, J Nucl Med, 11, 260
Feng P, 2000, Zinc induces mitochondria apoptogenesis in prostate cells, Mol Urol, 4, 31
Franklin RB, 1995, Effect of zinc on proliferation of human prostate cancer cells, Urol Res, 23, 266
Liaw KY, 1997, Zinc, copper, and superoxide dismutase in hepatocellular carcinoma, Am J Gastroenterol, 92, 2260
Lightman A, 1986, Use of the serum copper/zinc ratio in the differential diagnosis of ovarian malignancy, Clin Chem, 32, 101, 10.1093/clinchem/32.1.101
Liu Y, 2007, Identification of differential expression of genes in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppression subtractive hybridization combined cDNA microarray, Oncol Rep, 18, 943
Magneson GR, 1987, The concentrations of free Mg2+ and free Zn2+ in equine blood plasma, J Biol Chem, 262, 11140, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)60936-6
Rizk SL, 1984, Comparison between concentrations of trace elements in normal and neoplastic human breast tissue, Cancer Res, 44, 5390
Santoliquido PM, 1976, Trace metal levels in cancer of the breast, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 142, 65
Xu J, 1996, Induction of hepatoma cell apoptosis by c‐myc requires zinc and occurs in the absence of DNA fragmentation, Am J Physiol, 270, G60