The <i>CTLA‐4</i> gene polymorphisms are associated with CTLA‐4 protein expression levels in multiple sclerosis patients and with susceptibility to disease

Immunology - Tập 128 Số 1pt2 - 2009
Lidia Karabon1, Agata Kosmaczewska1, Małgorzata Bilińska2, Edyta Pawlak1, Lidia Ciszak1, Anna Jedynak1, Anna Jonkisz3, Editorial Office4, Anna Pokryszko−Dragan2, Magdalena Koszewicz2, Irena Frydecka5,6
1Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław.
2Department of Neurology, Medical University, Wroclaw
3Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University, Wroclaw
4Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Wroclaw
5Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw
6Department of Hematology, Neoplastic Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland

Tóm tắt

SummaryCytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) is an important molecule in the down‐regulation of T‐cell activation. A study was undertaken to evaluate the association of the CTLA‐4 gene polymorphisms −319C/T, +49A/G, (AT)n, CT60A/G and Jo31G/T with the levels of membrane CTLA‐4 (mCTLA‐4) and cytoplasmic CTLA‐4 (cCTLA‐4) in CD4+ T lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and with susceptibility to MS, and the course of the disease. It was found that the Jo31GG and CT60GG genotypes were associated with decreased mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of total CTLA‐4 (mCTLA‐4 + cCTLA‐4) molecules in CD4+ T cells from both relapsing‐remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP) MS patients compared with others. Consequently, possessing the Jo31G allele and/or the CT60G allele were associated with susceptibility to MS. The percentages of cells expressing mCTLA‐4 and cCTLA‐4 in RR patients were higher in carriers of the alleles non‐predisposing to MS (namely CT60A and Jo31T), but the percentages of corresponding cells were unexpectedly significantly lower in SP patients than in RR patients. Increased risk of paresthesia and pyramidal signs as a first manifestation of disease, and earlier transition to the SP form in those patients, was also noted. It is hypothesized that the decreasing frequencies of cells expressing immunosuppressive mCTLA‐4 and cCTLA‐4 in carriers of alleles non‐predisposing to MS (i.e. CT60A and Jo31T) may lead to inadequate down‐regulation of ongoing T‐cell responses in these patients and, as a consequence, earlier progression of disease from the RR form to the SP form.

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Immunology

Tập 128 Số 1pt2

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