Ảnh hưởng của ba năm rào chắn đối với ngân hàng hạt trong đất và mối quan hệ với thực vật trên mặt đất của các đồng cỏ núi cao bị thoái hóa ở cao nguyên Tây Tạng

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 364 - Trang 229-244 - 2012
Zhan-Huan Shang1,2, Bin Deng1, Lu-Ming Ding3, Guo-Hua Ren3, Guo-Sheng Xin4, Zhi-Yun Liu1, Yan-Long Wang5, Rui-Jun Long1
1International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming Systems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China
2Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
3School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
4School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
5Institute of Grassland Science, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science, Xining, China

Tóm tắt

Các rào chắn đã trở thành một phương pháp quan trọng để khôi phục các đồng cỏ bị thoái hóa trên cao nguyên Tây Tạng, và việc khảo sát ngân hàng hạt trong đất có thể cung cấp những hiểu biết hữu ích về tác động và cơ chế của việc rào chắn đối với việc phục hồi. Một cuộc điều tra đã được tiến hành về tác động của rào chắn trong 3 năm đối với ngân hàng hạt trong đất của các đồng cỏ tự nhiên và đồng cỏ đã gieo ở tám địa điểm nghiên cứu. Thành phần loài, mật độ ngân hàng hạt trong đất và mối quan hệ với thực vật trên mặt đất đã được phân tích dựa trên 4800 mẫu lõi đất và đếm số hạt được chiết xuất từ các mẫu đất. Sau 3 năm rào chắn, ngân hàng hạt trong đất khác nhau giữa các cộng đồng khác nhau tại các địa điểm nghiên cứu. Số lượng loài và mật độ hạt trong ngân hàng hạt giảm từ đồng cỏ tự nhiên đến đồng cỏ đã gieo, với hầu hết các hạt xuất hiện trong lớp đất trên 5 cm. Trong những đồng cỏ núi cao này, tương đối ít loài sản xuất ra số lượng hạt cao, mặc dù sự xuất hiện của chúng giữa tám địa điểm nghiên cứu là khác nhau. Tổng diện tích che phủ thực vật tăng lên với rào chắn do khả năng xâm chiếm của thực vật hơn là từ ngân hàng hạt trong đất. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp bằng chứng cho thấy ngân hàng hạt trong đất không đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc phục hồi các đồng cỏ núi cao bị thoái hóa khi sử dụng rào chắn. Cần thực hiện thêm các nghiên cứu trong thời gian dài hơn để giải quyết vấn đề này.

Từ khóa

#rào chắn #ngân hàng hạt trong đất #đồng cỏ núi cao #tái sinh #cao nguyên Tây Tạng

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