The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as a pharmacological target for inflammation

British Journal of Pharmacology - Tập 151 Số 7 - Trang 915-929 - 2007
Wouter J. de Jonge1,2, Luis Ulloa3,4
1Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
3Laboratory of Surgical Science Research, MSB-F673, UMDNJ-University of Medicine of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
4The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, USA

Tóm tắt

The physiological regulation of the immune system encompasses comprehensive anti‐inflammatory mechanisms that can be harnessed for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders. Recent studies indicate that the vagal nerve, involved in control of heart rate, hormone secretion and gastrointestinal motility, is also an immunomodulator. In experimental models of inflammatory diseases, vagal nerve stimulation attenuates the production of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibits the inflammatory process. Acetylcholine, the principal neurotransmitter of the vagal nerve, controls immune cell functions via the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7nAChR). From a pharmacological perspective, nicotinic agonists are more efficient than acetylcholine at inhibiting the inflammatory signaling and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This ‘nicotinic anti‐inflammatory pathway’ may have clinical implications as treatment with nicotinic agonists can modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines from immune cells. Nicotine has been tested in clinical trials as a treatment for inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis, but the therapeutic potential of this mechanism is limited by the collateral toxicity of nicotine. Here, we review the recent advances that support the design of more specific receptor‐selective nicotinic agonists that have anti‐inflammatory effects while eluding its collateral toxicity.British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 151, 915–929; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707264

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British Journal of Pharmacology

Tập 151 Số 7

915-929

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