The Versatility of Antioxidant Assays in Food Science and Safety—Chemistry, Applications, Strengths, and Limitations

Antioxidants - Tập 9 Số 8 - Trang 709
Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer1,2, Domenico Montesano3, Stefania Albrizio4,5, Gökhan Zengin6, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally1,2
1Department of Health Sciences
2Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
4Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB—Viale Medaglie d’Oro, 305, I-00136 Rome, Italy
5Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
6Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42250 Konya Campus, Turkey

Tóm tắt

Currently, there is a growing interest in screening and quantifying antioxidants from biological samples in the quest for natural and effective antioxidants to combat free radical-related pathological complications. Antioxidant assays play a crucial role in high-throughput and cost-effective assessment of antioxidant capacities of natural products such as medicinal plants and food samples. However, several investigators have expressed concerns about the reliability of existing in vitro assays. Such concerns arise mainly from the poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo results. In addition, in vitro assays have the problem of reproducibility. To date, antioxidant capacities are measured using a panel of assays whereby each assay has its own advantages and limitations. This unparalleled review hotly disputes on in vitro antioxidant assays and elaborates on the chemistry behind each assay with the aim to point out respective principles/concepts. The following critical questions are also addressed: (1) What make antioxidant assays coloured? (2) What is the reason for working at a particular wavelength? (3) What are the advantages and limitations of each assay? and (4) Why is a particular colour observed in antioxidant–oxidant chemical reactions? Furthermore, this review details the chemical mechanism of reactions that occur in each assay together with a colour ribbon to illustrate changes in colour. The review ends with a critical conclusion on existing assays and suggests constructive improvements on how to develop an adequate and universal antioxidant assay.

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