The Legacy of Alois Riegl: Material Authenticity of the Monument in the Digital Age

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 1 - Trang 29-40 - 2017
Alexandra Harrer1
1School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Tóm tắt

The Austrian art historian Alois Riegl (1858–1905) revolutionised the European concept of the monument and paved the way towards the codification of the historicity of artefacts at the international level. Today, conservation work and relevant terminology still build upon the principles first outlined in his work Der moderne Denkmalkultus (1903) more than a hundred years ago. And yet, modern information/communication technologies have long challenged the idea of ‘age value’ (Alterswert), of a monument possessing value simply because it shows ‘signs of age’ (Altersspuren), through their ability to digitally recreate historical architecture in its original form and thereby to transcend the boundaries of time and space. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities for monument preservation in the 21st century in the light of Riegl’s thoughts on how to perceive (‘visualise’) the past. It investigates the validity of Riegl’s theories in the context of today’s virtual reality/ies at a theoretical level, and their potential for advancement in preservation theory, expanding on historical thoughts rooted in 18th and 19th century preservation theories. By analysing Riegl’s commemorative values, stratigraphic picturing of history’s material debris, and fear of formlessness, this paper explores digitisation as the driving force for change in attitude from traditional, restrictive thinking to a modern way of thinking which is receptive to new technological developments, including, for example, exploring augmented and virtual realities as a means of achieving the sensory aesthetic experience required by age value.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Arjones Fernández, Aurora. 2007. Alois Riegl: El Culto Moderno de los Monumentos, su Carácter y sus Orígenes. Sevilla: Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico. Bacher, Ernst. ed. 1995. Kunstwerk oder Denkmal? Alois Riegls Schriften zur Denkmalpflege. Vienna: Böhlau.

Brodey, Sigrun. 2008. Ruined by Design: Shaping Novels and Gardens in the Culture of Sensibility. New York: Routledge.

Falser, Michael. 2005. “Zum 100. Todesjahr von Alois Riegl.” Österreichische Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Denkmalpflege 59 (3/4): 298–311.

Falser, Michael, Wilfried Lipp, and Andrzej Tomaszewski. eds. 2010. Conservation and Preservation: Interactions between Theory and Practice—In Memoriam Alois Riegl (1858–1905). Firenze: Polistampa.

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang. 1816. “Italienische Reise.” Translated by A. J. Morrison. New England Review 33 (1): 199–202.

Gubser, Michael. 2005. “Time and History in Alois Riegl’s Theory of Perception.” Journal of the History of Ideas 66 (3): 451–474.

Harris, Eduard et al., eds. 1993. Practices of Archaeological Stratigraphy. San Diego: Academic Press.

Heim, Michael. 1993. The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS). 1994. The Nara Document on Authenticity on Authenticity. Nara, Japan. Accessed April 1 2017. www.icomos.org/charters/nara-e.pdf

Lamprakos, Michele. 2014. “Riegl’s ‘Modern Cult of Monuments’ and The Problem of Value.” Change Over Time 4 (2): 418–435.

Lehne, Andreas. 2010. “Georg Dehio, Alois Riegl, Max Dvorak—A Threshold in Theory Development.” In Conservation and Preservation: Interactions between Theory and Practice—In Memoriam Alois Riegl (1858–1905), edited by Michael Falser et al.: 69–81. Firenze: Polistampa.

Lukacher, Brian. 2006. Joseph Gandy: An Architectural Visionary in Georgian England. London: Thames & Hudson.

Naginski, Erika. 2001. “Riegl, Archaeology, and the Periodization of Culture.” Anthropology and Aesthetics 40: 135–152.

Olin, Margaret. 1985. “The Cult of Monuments as a State Religion in Late 19th-century Austria.” Wiener Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte 38: 177–198.

Petzet, Michael. 2004. “Principles of Conservation: An Introduction to the International Charters for Conservation and Restoration 40 years after the Venice Charter.” Monuments and Sites 1: 7–29.

Pinto, John. 2012. Speaking Ruins: Piranesi, Architects and Antiquity in 18th Century Rome. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Riegl, Alois. 1893. Stilfragen: Grundlegungen zu einer Geschichte der Ornamentik. Berlin: George Siemens.

Riegl, Alois. 1992. Problems of Style: Foundations for a History of Ornament. Translated by Evelyn Kain. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Riegl, Alois. 1903. Der moderne Denkmalkultus: Sein Wesen und seine Entstehung. Vienna: Braumüller.

Riegl, Alois. 1996. “The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Essence and Its Development.” Translated by Karin Bruckner and Karen Williams. In Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, edited by Nicholas Stanley-Price et al.: 69–83. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

Ruskin, John. 1849. Seven Lamps of Architecture. London: Smith, Elder & Co. Reprint 1989. New York: Dover.

Scarrocchia, Sandro, ed. 1995. Alois Riegl: Teoria e Prassi della Conservazione dei Monumenti: Antologia di Scritti, Discorsi, Rapporti 1898–1905. Bologna: Clueb.

Spurr, David. 2007. “Ruskin and Viollet-le-Duc: Figures of Ruin and Restoration.” Chora 5: 285–308.

Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments. 1964. The International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (The Venice Charter). Venice, Italy. Adopted by ICOMOS in 1965. Accessed April 1 2017. http://www.icomos.org/charters/venice_e.pdf

Wendort, Richard. 2001. “Piranesi’s Double Ruin.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 34 (2): 161–180.

Wood, Christopher, ed. 2000. The Vienna School Reader: Politics and Art Historical Method in the 1930s. New York: Zone Books.

Wu Hong. 2012. A Story of Ruins: Presence and Absence in Chinese Art and Visual Culture. London: Reaktion.

Zerner, Henri. 1976. “Alois Riegl: Art, Value, and Historicism.” Daedalus 105 (1): 177–188.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 1

29-40

Thông tin tác giả