The Joint Development of Traditional Bullying and Victimization With Cyber Bullying and Victimization in Adolescence

Journal of Research on Adolescence - Tập 22 Số 2 - Trang 301-309 - 2012
Paul E. Jose1, Moja Kljakovic1, Emma Louise Scheib1, Olivia Notter1
1Victoria University of Wellington

Tóm tắt

The present study investigated the stabilities of and interrelationships among traditional (i.e., face‐to‐face) bullying, traditional victimhood, cyber bullying, and cyber victimhood among adolescents over time. About 1,700 adolescents aged 11–16 years at Time 1 self‐reported levels of both bullying and victimization in four contexts (in school, outside of school, texting, and on‐line) annually for 2 years. Results indicated that all four dynamics were moderately stable over time. The following variables were found to bidirectionally reinforce and predict each other over time: traditional bullying and traditional victimization; traditional bullying and cyber bullying; and traditional victimization and cyber victimization. These results indicate that bullying and victimhood in both face‐to‐face and cyber‐based interactions are related but not identical interpersonal dynamics.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Research on Adolescence

Tập 22 Số 2

301-309

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