The Heritability of Mammographically Dense and Nondense Breast Tissue

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - Tập 15 Số 4 - Trang 612-617 - 2006
Jennifer Stone1, Gillian S. Dite1, Anoma Gunasekara2, Dallas R. English3, Margaret McCredie4, Graham G. Giles3, Jennifer Cawson5, Robert A. Hegele6, Anna M. Chiarelli7, Martin J. Yaffe8, Norman F. Boyd2, John L. Hopper1
11Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and
23The Division of Epidemiology and Statistics, Ontario Cancer Institute;
36Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, The Cancer Council of Victoria, Victoria, Australia;
47Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand; and
52St. Vincent's BreastScreen, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;
68Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
74Division of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Care Ontario;
85Imaging Research, Sunnybrook and Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background: Percent mammographic density (PMD) is a risk factor for breast cancer. Our previous twin study showed that the heritability of PMD was 63%. This study determined the heritabilities of the components of PMD, the areas of dense and nondense tissue in the mammogram. Methods: We combined two twin studies comprising 571 monozygous and 380 dizygous twin pairs recruited from Australia and North America. Dense and nondense areas were measured using a computer-assisted method, and information about potential determinants was obtained by questionnaire. Under the assumptions of the classic twin model, we estimated the heritability of the log dense area and log nondense area and the genetic and environmental contributions to the covariance between the two traits, using maximum likelihood theory and the statistical package FISHER. Results: After adjusting for measured determinants, for each of the log dense area and the log nondense area, the monozygous correlations were greater than the dizygous correlations. Heritability was estimated to be 65% (95% confidence interval, 60-70%) for dense area and 66% (95% confidence interval, 61-71%) for nondense area. The correlations (SE) between the two adjusted traits were −0.35 (0.023) in the same individual, −0.26 (0.026) across monozygous pairs, and −0.14 (0.034) across dizygous pairs. Conclusion: Genetic factors may play a large role in explaining variation in the mammographic areas of both dense and nondense tissue. About two thirds of the negative correlation between dense and nondense area is explained by the same genetic factors influencing both traits, but in opposite directions. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(4):612–7)

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Thông tin xuất bản

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention

Tập 15 Số 4

612-617

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