The Ecology of Arsenic

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 300 Số 5621 - Trang 939-944 - 2003
Ronald S. Oremland1,2, John F. Stolz1,3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
2U.S. Geological Survey, Mailstop 480, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
3Department of Biological Sciences,#R# Duquesne University,#R# Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA

Tóm tắt

Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.

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This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's National Research Program (R.S.O.) the National Institute of Water Resources (J.F.S.) and grants from NASA Exobiology (R.S.O.) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (J.F.S.) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (J.F.S.). We are grateful to R. Stewart and D. K. Nordstrom for their constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.

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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tập 300 Số 5621

939-944

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