The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice
Tóm tắt
In this review, the primary subject is the ‘business case’ for corporate social responsibility (CSR). The business case refers to the underlying arguments or rationales supporting or documenting why the business community should accept and advance the CSR ‘cause’. The business case is concerned with the primary question: What do the business community and organizations get out of CSR? That is, how do they benefit tangibly from engaging in CSR policies, activities and practices? The business case refers to the bottom‐line financial and other reasons for businesses pursuing CSR strategies and policies. In developing this business case, the paper first provides some historical background and perspective. In addition, it provides a brief discussion of the evolving understandings of CSR and some of the long‐established, traditional arguments that have been made both for and against the idea of business assuming any responsibility to society beyond profit‐seeking and maximizing its own financial well‐being. Finally, the paper addresses the business case in more detail. The goal is to describe and summarize what the business case means and to review some of the concepts, research and practice that have come to characterize this developing idea.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abrams F.K., 1951, Management's responsibilities in a complex world, Harvard Business Review, 29
Ackerman R., 1973, How companies respond to social demands, Harvard Business Review, 88
Bernstein A.(2000).Too much corporate power.Business Week 11 September p.149.
Bowen H., 1953, Social Responsibilities of the Businessman
Bruch H., 2005, The keys to rethinking corporate philanthropy, MIT Sloan Management Review, 47, 48
BusinessGreen(2008).U.S. Execs: CSR initiatives do boost the bottom line. Available at:http://BusinessGreen.com(accessed 4 December 2008).
Byrnes N.(2005).Smarter corporate giving.Business Week 28 November 68–76.
Carroll A.B.(2009).A look at the future of business ethics.Athens Banner‐Herald 10 January.
Carroll A.B., 2009, Business and Society: Ethics and Stakeholder Management
Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy, 2009, Giving in Numbers: 2008 Edition
Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy(2009b).CEO conference. Available at:http://www.corporatephilanthropy.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=70&Itemid=147(accessed 20 March 2009).
Cray C., 2000, A sweeter cup, Multinational Monitor, 4
Dahlsrud A., 2006, How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management
Drucker P.F., 1954, The Practice of Management
Fortune(2003).Corporate America's social conscience 26 May S8.
Frederick W.C.(1978).From CSR1 to CSR2: the maturing of business and society thought. Working Paper 279 Graduate School of Business University of Pittsburgh.
Frederick W.C., 2006, Corporation, Be Good! The Story of Corporate Social Responsibility
Friedman M.(1962).The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits.New York Times September 126.
Global Impact(2009a).Workplace giving. Available at:http://www.charity.org/site/c.gtJUJfMQIqE/b.3416753/k.99D0/Workplace_Giving.htm. (accessed 22 March 2009).
Global Impact(2009b).About global impact. Available at:http://www.charity.org/About_Us. (accessed 5 July 2009).
Global Reporting Initiative, 2006, Sustainability Reporting Guidelines
Hayek F.A., 1969, Business Strategy, 225
Home Depot(2009).Rebuilding hope and homes: mapping our impact. Available at:http://rhh.homedepot.com/pc.htm(accessed 23March 2009).
Jackson K.T., 2004, Building Reputational Capital: Strategies for Integrity and Fair Play that Improve the Bottom Line
KLD Research and Analytics Inc.(2009).Socrates ratings indicators. Available at:http://www.kld.com/research/socrates/indicators.html(accessed 18March 2009).
Kotler P., 2005, Corporate Social Responsibility: Doing the Most Good for Your Company and Your Cause
Laszlo C., 2003, The Sustainable Company: How to Create Lasting Value through Social and Environmental Performance
Levitt T., 1958, The dangers of social responsibility, Harvard Business Review, 41
McDonald's(2009).Values in practice. Available at:http://www.crmcdonalds.com/publish/csr/home/about/community.html(accessed 23 March 2009).
McGuire J., 1963, Business and Society
Murphy P.E., 1978, An evolution: corporate social responsiveness, University of Michigan Business Review, 20
Murray E.A., 1976, The social response process in commercial banks: an empirical investigation, Academy of Management Review, 10.5465/amr.1976.4400575
News Channel 11(2008).Area Wal‐Mart stores collecting donations for Iowa flood victims. Available at:http://www.tricities.com/tri/news/local/article/area_walmart_stores_collecting_donations_for_iowa_flood_victims/11064/. (accessed on 22 March 2009).
O'Sullivan K., 2006, Virtue rewarded: companies are suddenly discovering the profit potential of social responsibility, CFO, 47
Porter M.E., 2002, The competitive advantage of corporate philanthropy, Harvard Business Review, 80, 56
Porter M.E., 2006, Strategy & society: the link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility, Harvard Business Review, 84, 78
Printing World, 2005, Antalis outlines green stance, Printing World, 289, 41
RED(2009).The (RED) idea. Available at:http://www.joinred.com/Learn/AboutRed/Idea.aspx(accessed 4 May 2009).
Ronald McDonald House Charities(2009).Our relationship with McDonald's. Available at:http://www.rmhc.org/who‐we‐are/our‐relationship‐with‐mcdonald‐s/(accessed 23 March 2009).
Scott M., 1992, Companies with a Conscience: Intimate Portraits of Twelve Firms that Make a Difference
Starbucks(2009).Starbucks Transfair USA and Fairtrade labeling organizations international announce groundbreaking initiative to support small‐scale coffee farmers. Available at:http://www.starbucks.com/aboutus/pressdesc.asp?id=929(accessed 18 March 2009).
Tokarski K., 1999, Give and thou shall receive, Public Relations Quarterly, 44, 34
Waddock S., 2002, Leading Corporate Citizens: Vision, Values, Value‐added
Yoplait(2009a).You did it!Available at:http://www.yoplait.com/slsl/(accessed 4 May 2009).
Yoplait(2009b).Commitment. Available at:http://www.yoplait.com/slsl/HowItWorks.aspx(accessed 4 May 2009).
Zadek S., 2000, Doing Good and Doing Well: Making the Business Case for Corporate Citizenship