Các Đối Tượng Đáy và Kiểm Soát Vận Động Thích Nghi

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 265 Số 5180 - Trang 1826-1831 - 1994
Ann M. Graybiel1, Toshihiko Aosaki2, Alice W. Flaherty1, Minoru Kimura3
1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
2Laboratory for Neural Circuits, Bio-Mimetic Control Research Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), 3-8-31 Rokuban, Atsuta, Nagoya, Aichi 456, Japan.
3Osaka University, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Machikaneyama, Osaka 560, Japan.

Tóm tắt

Các đối tượng đáy là cấu trúc thần kinh nằm trong các mạch kiểm soát vận động và nhận thức ở vỏ não trước của động vật có vú và được kết nối với vỏ não mới thông qua nhiều vòng lặp. Sự rối loạn trong những vòng lặp song song này do tổn thương đến cấu trúc đuôi dẫn đến những khiếm khuyết nghiêm trọng trong chuyển động tự nguyện, điển hình là trong bệnh Parkinson và bệnh Huntington. Những vòng lặp song song này có kiến trúc mô-đun phân tán tương tự như các mô hình kiến thức địa phương của các mô hình học máy tính. Trong quá trình học cảm giác - vận động, các mạng lưới phân tán này có thể được điều phối bởi các tế bào nội neurôn đuôi cách xa nhau, những tế bào này có được các đặc tính phản ứng dựa trên phần thưởng đã trải qua.

Từ khóa


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