Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Hướng dẫn Hoạt động Thể chất của Hà Lan năm 2017
Tóm tắt
Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là xây dựng các hướng dẫn hoạt động thể chất dựa trên bằng chứng cho quần thể dân số chung của Hà Lan. Hai đánh giá hệ thống đã được thực hiện về các phân tích tổng hợp bằng tiếng Anh trong PubMed, tóm tắt riêng biệt các thử nghiệm ngẫu nhiên có kiểm soát và các nghiên cứu đoàn hệ triển vọng về mối quan hệ giữa hoạt động thể chất và hành vi ít vận động với nguy cơ tử vong do mọi nguyên nhân và tỷ lệ mắc 15 bệnh mãn tính và tình trạng chính. Các chỉ số kết quả khác bao gồm các yếu tố nguy cơ gây ra bệnh tim mạch và tiểu đường type 2, khả năng vận động thể chất và thể lực. Dựa trên các đánh giá này, một ủy ban chuyên gia đã xây dựng các hướng dẫn hoạt động thể chất. Trong quá trình xây dựng các hướng dẫn, ủy ban đã lựa chọn chỉ những kết quả nghiên cứu thực nghiệm và quan sát có mức độ bằng chứng mạnh mẽ và sau đó tích hợp cả hai loại bằng chứng. Bằng chứng tìm thấy cho những tác động có lợi trên một số lượng lớn các chỉ số kết quả là đủ mạnh để xây dựng các hướng dẫn nhằm tăng cường hoạt động thể chất và giảm hành vi ít vận động. Đồng thời, bằng chứng hiện tại không cung cấp đủ cơ sở để định lượng mức độ hoạt động thể chất tối thiểu cần thiết để đạt được các tác động tích cực cho sức khỏe, hoặc ở mức độ nào hành vi ít vận động trở nên có hại. Một nguyên tắc chung là ở mọi mức độ hoạt động hiện tại, việc tăng cường thêm hoạt động thể chất mang lại lợi ích sức khỏe bổ sung, với tác động tương đối lớn hơn ở những người hiện tại không hoạt động hoặc chỉ hoạt động với cường độ nhẹ. Ba hướng dẫn cụ thể về (1) hoạt động thể chất với cường độ vừa phải và mạnh, (2) các hoạt động tăng cường xương và cơ bắp, và (3) hành vi ít vận động đã được xây dựng riêng biệt cho người lớn và trẻ em. Có một nhu cầu không giảm về các hướng dẫn hoạt động thể chất dựa trên bằng chứng có thể hướng dẫn các chính sách y tế cộng đồng. Nghiên cứu trong đó hoạt động thể chất được đo một cách khách quan (số lượng) và chủ quan (loại và chất lượng) là cần thiết để cung cấp ước tính tốt hơn về loại và lượng hoạt động thể chất thực tế cần thiết cho sức khỏe.
Từ khóa
#Hoạt động thể chất #hướng dẫn dựa trên bằng chứng #sức khỏe cộng đồng #hành vi ít vận động #bệnh mãn tínhTài liệu tham khảo
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