Teacher perceptions of school culture and their organizational commitment and well-being in a Chinese school
Tóm tắt
This study aims to analyze and validate the dimensions and specific features of a school culture in a Chinese context. A sample of 181 teachers from a Chinese primary and secondary school in Beijing participated in a survey that measures school organizational cultural characteristics and teacher organizational commitment and well-being as outcomes of school culture. Specific cultural characteristics of this school and their impact on teacher organizational commitment and well-being were identified. The findings provide important information for understanding a school culture in the Chinese context. It enriches the theory related to school culture and the research findings that have been identified in the Western settings.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Aelterman, A., Engels, N., Van Petegem, K., & Verhaeghe, J. P. (2007). The well-being of teachers in Flanders: The importance of a supportive school culture. Educational Studies, 3(33), 285–298.
Aelterman, A., Engels, N., Verhaeghe, J. P., Sys, H., Van Petegem, K., & Panagiotou, K. (2002). Development of an instrument to measure well-being among primary and secondary school teachers. Report for Flemish department of education.
Alvesson, M. (2002). Understanding organizational culture. London: Sage.
Belsley, D. A., Kuh, E., & Welsch, R. E. (1980). Regression diagnostics: Identifying influential data and sources of collinearity. New York: Wiley.
Berry, J. W., Poortinga, Y. H., Segall, M. H., & Dasen, P. R. (1992). Cross-cultural psychology: Research and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bodley, J. H. (1994). Cultural anthropology: Tribes, states, and the global system. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Pub. Co.
Bond, M. H. (1996). The handbook of Chinese psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cameron, K., & Quinn, R. (1999). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
Cheng, Y. C. (1993). Profiles of organizational culture and effective schools. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 4(2), 85–110.
Dalin, P. (1998). School development—theories and strategies. London: Continuum.
Dalin, P., Rolff, H. G., & Kleekamp, B. (1993). Changing the school culture. London: Cassell.
Deal, T. E. (1985). Cultural change: Opportunity, silent killer, or metamorphosis? In R. H. Kilman, M. J., Saxton, & R. Serpa (Eds)., Gaining control of the corporate culture (pp. 292–331). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Deal, T., & Peterson, K. (1990). The principal’s role in shaping school culture. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement.
Deal, T., & Peterson, K. (1999). Shaping school culture. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Dee, J. R., Henkin, A. B., & Singleton, C. A. (2006). Organizational commitment of teachers in urban schools: Examining the effects of team structures. Urban Education, 41, 603–627.
Devos, G., & Vanderheyden, K. (2002). Attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers: Background report for flanders. Thematic Review. OECD.
Devos, G., Bouckenooghe, D., Engels, N., Hotton, G., & Aelterman, A. (2007). An assessment of well-being of principals in Flemish primary schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 45(1), 33–61.
Douglas, M. (1992). Risk and blame: Essays in cultural theory. London: Routledge.
DuFour, R., & Berkey, T. (1995). The principal as staff developer. Journal of Staff Development, 16(4), 2–6.
Engels, N., Aelterman, A., Van Petegem, K., & Schepens, A. (2004). Factors which influence the well-being of pupils in Flemish secondary schools. Educational Studies, 30(2), 127–143.
Engels, N., Hotton, G., Devos, G., Bouckenooghe, D., & Aelterman, A. (2008). Principals in schools with a positive school culture. Educational Studies, 34(3), 159–174.
Erickson, F. (1987). Conceptions of school culture: An overview. Educational Administration Quarterly, 23(4), 11–24.
Farrel, J. P. (2000). Why is educational reform so difficult? Similar descriptions, different prescriptions, failed explanations. Curriculum Inquiry, 30(1), 83–103.
Freiberg, J., & Stein, T. A. (1999). Measuring, improving, and sustaining healthy learning environments. In J. Freiberg (Ed.), School climate (pp. 11–29). London: Falmer.
Fullan, M. (1992). Visions that blind. Educational Leadership, 49(5), 19–22.
Fullan, M. (2001). Leading in a culture of change. CA: Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
Fullan, M. (2007). The new meaning of educational change. New York: Teachers College Press.
Fullan, M., & Stiegelbauer, S. (1991). The new meaning of educational change. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Geertz, C. (1993). The interpretation of cultures. London: Fontana Press.
Goldring, L. M. (2002). Forging connections: A study to explore the relationship between school culture and student achievement for select high-performing, high-minority, high-poverty high schools in northern and central California. ULV.
Groff, J., & Mouza, C. (2008). A framework for addressing challenges to classroom technology use. AACE Journal, 16(1), 21–46.
Hargreaves, D. (1995). School culture, school effectiveness and school improvement. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 6(1), 23–46.
Herscovitch, L., & Meyer, J. P. (2002). Commitment to organizational change: Extension of a three component model. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 474–487.
Ho, D. Y. F., & Wu, M. (2001). Introduction to cross-cultural psychology. In L. L. Adler & U. P. Gielen (Eds.), Cross-cultural topics in psychology (pp. 3–13). Westport, CT: Praeger.
Hopkins, D. (2001). School improvement for real. London: Routledge-Falmer.
Hoy, W. K., & Tarter, C. J. (1997). The road to open and healthy schools: A handbook for change, elementary edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., & Kottkamp, R. B. (1991). Open schools/healthy schools: Measuring organizational climate. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55.
Jiang, Y.S. & Zhao, M. (2000). School administration. Guangdong Higher Education Publishing.
Jones, A. P., & James, L. R. (1979). Psychological climate: Dimensions and relationships of individual and aggregated work environment perceptions. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 23, 201–250.
Kenny, J. (2003). A research-based model for managing strategic education change and innovation projects. Research and Development in Higher Education, 26, 333–342.
Krüger, M. L., Witziers, B., & Sleegers, P. (2007). The impact of school leadership on school level factors: Validation of a causal model. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 18, 1–20.
Kruse, S. D., & Seashore Louise, K. (2009). Building strong school cultures: A guide to leading change. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Lee, O. F., Tan, J. A., & Javalgi, R. (2010). Goal orientation and organizational commitment: Individual difference predictors of job performance. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 18(1), 129–150.
Leithwood, K., & Louis, K. S. (2002). Organizational learning in schools. Lisse, NL: Swets and Zeitlinger.
Li, L. (2005). The effects of trust and shared vision on inward knowledge transfer in subsidiaries’ intra- and inter-organizational relationships. International Business Review, 14(1), 77–95.
Lieberman, A. (2005). The roots of educational change. Berlin: Springer.
Lok, P., & Crawford, J. (1999). The relationship between commitment and organizational culture, subculture, leadership style and job satisfaction in organizational change and development. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 20(7), 365–373.
Louis, M. (1985). An investigator’s guide to workplace culture. In P. Frost, L. Moore, M. Louis, C. Lundberg, & J. Martin (Eds.), Organizational culture (pp. 73–98). California: Sage Publications.
Maslowski, R. (2001). School culture and school performance: An explorative study into the organizational culture of secondary schools and their effects. Twente: Twente University Press.
Maslowski, R. (2006). A review of inventories for diagnosing school culture. Journal of Educational Administration, 44(1), 6–35.
Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace: Toward a general model. Human Resource Management Review, 11(3), 299–326.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of vocational behavior, 61(1), 20–52.
Mowday, R., Steers, R., & Porter, L. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14, 224–247.
Ostroff, C. (1992). The relationship between satisfaction, attitudes, and performance: An organizational level of analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 963–974.
Owens, R. G. (2001). Organizational behavior in education: Instructional leadership and school reform. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Paine, L., & Ma, L. P. (1993). Teachers working together: A dialogue on organizational and cultural perspectives of Chinese teachers. International Journal of Educational Research, 19(8), 675–697.
Peterson, P., McCarthey, S., & Elmore, R. (1996). Learning from school restructuring. American Educational Research Journal, 33, 119–153.
Prosser, J. (1999). The evolution of school culture research. In J. Prosser (Ed.), School culture (pp. 1–14). London: Paul Chapman.
Rashid, M. Z. A., Sambasivan, M., & Johari, J. (2003). The influence of corporate culture and organisational commitment on performance. Journal of Management Development, 22(8), 708–728.
Rousseau, D. (1990). Assessing organizational culture: The case for multiple methods. In B. Schneider (Ed.), Organizational climate and culture (pp. 153–192). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schoen, L. T., & Teddlie, C. (2008). A new model of school culture: A response to a call for conceptual clarity. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 19(2), 129–153.
Scrimshaw, P. (2004). Enabling teachers to make successful use of ICT. British educational communications and technology agency. Retrieved March 2, 2010, http://partners.becta.org.uk/uploaddir/downloads/page_documents/research/enablers.pdf.
Seashore, K. R. (2009). Leadership and change in school: Personal reflections over the last 30 years. Journal of Educational Change, 10, 129–140.
Shann, M. H. (1998). Professional commitment and satisfaction among teachers in urban middle schools. Journal of Educational Research, 92, 67–74.
Shaw, J., & Reyes, P. (1992). School cultures: organizational value orientation and commitment. Journal of Educational Research, 85(5), 295–301.
Sinden, J., Hoy, W. K., & Sweetland, S. R. (2004). Enabling school structures: Principal leadership and organizational commitment of teachers. Journal of School Leadership, 14, 195–210.
Smircich, L. (1983). Concepts of culture and organizational analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 339–358.
Solvason, N. (2005). Investigating specialist school ethos… or do you mean culture? Educational Studies, 31(1), 85–94.
Staessens, K. (1990). The professional culture in elementary schools in Flanders. An empirical study in reformed primary education. Dissertation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 46–56.
Stoll, L. (1999). School culture: Black hole or fertile garden for school improvement? In J. Prosser (Ed.), School culture. London: Paul Chapman.
Stoll, L., & Fink, D. (1995). Changing our schools. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Stolp, S., & Stuart, C. S. (1994). School culture and climate: The role of the leader. OSSC Bulletin, Eugene: Oregon School Study Council.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Van Houtte, Mieke. (2005). Climate or culture? A plea for conceptual clarity in school effectiveness research. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 16(1), 71–89.
Van Petegem, K., Creemers, B. P. M., Rosseel, Y., & Aelterman, A. (2005). Relationships between teacher characteristics, Interpersonal teacher behaviour and teacher wellbeing, Journal of Classroom Interaction, 40(2), 34–43.
Ward, E., & Davis, E. (1995). The Effect of benefits satisfaction on organizational commitment. Compensation and Benefits Management, 11(3), 35–39.
Xi, C. H. (2007). Constructing school environment and culture, promoting mental health and education. Retrieved April 9, 2009, http://www.gdfz.edu.cn/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=311.