THE EFFECTS OF VIDEOTAPE MODELING AND DAILY FEEDBACK ON RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY CONSERVATION, HOME TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY, PERCEIVED COMFORT, AND CLOTHING WORN: WINTER AND SUMMER

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis - Tập 15 Số 3 - Trang 381-402 - 1982
Richard A. Winett1, Joseph W. Hatcher1, T. Richard Fort1, Ingrid N. Leckliter1, Susan Q. Love1, Anne W. Riley1, James F. Fishback1
1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tóm tắt

Two studies were conducted in all‐electric townhouses and apartments in the winter (N = 83) and summer (N = 54) to ascertain how energy conservation strategies focusing on thermostat change and set‐backs and other low‐cost/no‐cost approaches would affect overall electricity use and electricity used for heating and cooling, the home thermal environment, the perceived comfort of participants, and clothing that was worn. The studies assessed the effectiveness of videotape modeling programs that demonstrated these conservation strategies when used alone or combined with daily feedback on electricity use. In the winter, the results indicated that videotape modeling and/or feedback were effective relative to baseline and to a control group in reducing overall electricity use by about 15% and electricity used for heating by about 25%. Hygrothermographs, which accurately and continuously recorded temperature and humidity in the homes, indicated that participants were able to live with no reported loss in comfort and no change in attire at a mean temperature of about 62°F when home and about 59°F when asleep. The results were highly discrepant with prior laboratory studies indicating comfort at 75°F with the insulation value of the clothing worn by participants in this study. In the summer, a combination of strategies designed to keep a home cool with minimal or no air conditioning, in conjunction with videotape modeling and/or daily feedback, resulted in overall electricity reductions of about 15% with reductions on electricity for cooling of about 34%, but with feedback, and feedback and modeling more effective than modeling alone. Despite these electricity savings, hygrothermograph recordings indicated minimal temperature change in the homes, with no change in perceived comfort or clothing worn. The results are discussed in terms of discrepancies with laboratory studies, optimal combinations of video‐media and personal contact to promote behavior change, and energy policies that may be mislabeled as sacrificial and underestimate the effectiveness of conservation strategies such as those investigated in these studies.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Winett R. A. &Love S. Q.The effectiveness of home visits by an energy technician and extension agents in promoting summer electricity conservation. Unpublished manuscript 1981. (Available from Psychology Department Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061.).

Winett R. A., 1982, Ongoing projects on video‐media, personal contact in residential energy conservation

Winett R. A., 1982, The impact of alternative information flows on consumer demand for energy

1977, ASHRAE handbook and products: 1977 fundamentals

1972, ASHRAE handbook of fundamentals

Bandura A., 1977, Social learning theory

10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.428

Becky T., 1981, Field test of energy savings with thermostat set back, ASHRAE Journal, 67

Cone J. D., 1980, Environmental problems/Behavioral solutions

10.2190/6M17-9NKD-C80C-2JWY

10.1086/208872

Geller E. S., 1982, Preservving the environment: New strategies for behavior change

10.1177/014544557823003

10.1901/jaba.1981.14-81

10.1037/h0076767

Keppel G., 1973, Design and analysis: A research handbook

Maccoby N., 1980, Behavioral medicine: Changing health life styles

10.1037/0003-066X.35.4.375

10.2190/L8BU-ECLK-PEC5-KKTW

Munson D. M., 1978, An overview of clothing as it relates to the physiology of human comfort, ASHRAE Transactions, 82, 312

Nunnally J. C., 1975, Handbook of evaluation research

Portable electric heaters., 1980, Consumer Reports, 685

Rapping L. A., 1981, Comment: Supply side's bad side, New York Times, 2

Rogers E. M., 1971, Communications of innovations

10.1111/j.1540-4560.1981.tb02629.x

Ross M. H., 1979, Energy in America's future

Ross M. H., 1981, Our energy: Regaining control

10.1016/S0005-7894(80)80007-4

Simon H. A., 1979, Rational decision making in business organizations, The American Economic Review, 69, 493

Socolow R. H., 1978, Saving energy in the home

10.1037/0003-066X.36.4.329

Stobaugh R., 1979, Energy future: Report of the energy project of the Harvard Business School

10.1126/science.7455683

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development., 1980, Energy efficient residence: Research results

Wilson G. T., 1980, Principles of behavior therapy

10.1037/0003-066X.36.4.425

10.1037/0021-9010.63.1.73

10.1016/0378-7788(79)90026-4

10.1901/jaba.1979.12-173

Winett R. A., 1979, Effective field research strategies: Recruitment of participants and acquisition of reliable, useful data, Behavioral Assessment, 1, 139

10.2190/6Y43-BM72-NUNK-3HH1

10.1037/0003-066X.37.4.421

1980, World almanac and book of facts

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

Tập 15 Số 3

381-402

Thông tin tác giả